Nanoscale volume confinement and fluorescence enhancement with double nanohole aperture

Regmi, Raju; Balushi, Ahmed Al; Rigneault, Hervé; Gordon, Reuven; Wenger, Jérôme

doi:10.1038/srep15852

Cited by 53 publications

(72 citation statements)

References 52 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…This behavior confirms that the DNH structure with 40 nm gap follows the expected trend for a plasmonic antenna. 2,56 Interestingly, the temperature increase in the DNH follows a completely different behavior with the laser polarization orientation (Fig. 4b).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Temperature Measurement in Plasmonic Nanoapertures Used for Optical Trapping

et al. 2019

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Plasmonic nanoapertures generate strong field gradients enabling efficient optical trapping of nanoobjects. However, because the infrared laser used for trapping is also partly absorbed into the metal leading to Joule heating, plasmonic nano-optical tweezers face the issue of local temperature increase.Here, we develop three independent methods based on molecular fluorescence to quantify the temperature increase induced by a 1064 nm trapping beam focused on single and double nanoholes milled in gold films. We show that the temperature in the nanohole can be increased by 10°C even at the moderate intensities of 2 mW/µm² used for nano-optical trapping. The temperature gain is found to be largely governed by the Ohmic losses into the metal layer, independently of the aperture size, double-nanohole gap or laser polarization. The techniques developed therein can be readily extended to other structures to improve our understanding of nano-optical tweezers and explore heatcontrolled chemical reactions in nanoapertures.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Temperature Measurement in Plasmonic Nanoapertures Used for Optical Trapping

et al. 2019

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Instead, a FOA should enclose the QE as much as possible, resembling a kind of plasmonic cavity antenna. Antennas that to some extend fulfill these design rules in two dimensions have already been realized and are known as double-hole resonators [23].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mode Matching for Optical Antennas

2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The emission rate of a point dipole can be strongly increased in presence of a well-designed optical antenna. Yet, optical antenna design is largely based on radio-frequency rules, ignoring e.g. ohmic losses and non-negligible field penetration in metals at optical frequencies. Here we combine reciprocity and Poynting's theorem to derive a set of optical-frequency antenna design rules for benchmarking and optimizing the performance of optical antennas driven by single quantum emitters. Based on these findings a novel plasmonic cavity antenna design is presented exhibiting a considerably improved performance compared to a reference two-wire antenna. Our work will be useful for the design of high-performance optical antennas and nanoresonators for diverse applications ranging from quantum optics to antenna-enhanced single-emitter spectroscopy and sensing.PACS numbers: 84.40. Ba, 73.20.Mf, 78.67.Bf INTRODUCTIONFocusing optical antennas (FOAs) make use of plasmonic resonances to convert propagating electromagnetic waves at visible frequencies to near-fields localized in nanoscale volumes much smaller than the diffraction limit [1,2]. In such a hot spot the local density of states (LDOS) for point-like quantum emitters (QEs) may be increased by a factor of 10 3 and possibly beyond [2][3][4], which can be applied in novel light-based technologies, e.g. quantum optics [5] and communication [6], sensing [7] as well as scanning near-field microscopy [8]. The design of FOAs, which typically consist of single or multiple particles of basic shapes [3,6,[9][10][11], is largely inspired by rules derived from the radio frequency (rf) regime. The resulting antenna structures, however, can hardly be optimal for QE-FOA coupling, since there is no comparable task in rf-technology. In addition the radiation behavior of optical antennas differs from their rf-counterparts due to ohmic losses and fields penetrating the antenna material [12]. Yet, it has been shown that the Purcell factor [13,14] Here we combine Poynting's theorem [17] with reciprocity [18] to quantify QE-FOA coupling by means of a 3D overlap integral of the QE's electric field and the antenna's mode current pattern (cf. mode matching [19,20]). Introducing a further mode-matching condition for FOA to far-field coupling allows us to identify two independent FOA mode current patterns, which both maximize antenna radiation. This enables us to understand the high performance of FOAs obtained from evolutionary optimization [21] as well as of other unusual FOA geometries, like the indented nano-cone [22] or the double hole resonator [23]. Finally, based on our new design rules, an improved plasmonic cavity antenna geometry is devised and numerically investigated. The flexibility of the presented framework opens diverse applications ranging from improved emitter-cavity coupling in quantum optics to enhanced single-emitter sensing schemes. It also provides new insights for the understanding and optimization of complex-shaped metal nano-objects as they appear in surface-enhanc...

show abstract

“…Double nanoapertures in a gold film, which strongly confine the electromagnetic field [31,59,92,93,[129][130][131][132][133][134][135][136][137][138][139] at the cusps where holes overlap, have been employed for trapping a 12 nm silica sphere [59], for trapping and unfolding a single protein [93], for unzipping a single DNA-hairpin [136], for studying the interaction between a single protein with small molecule [131,132,140] and for characterizing the molecular weight of a single protein [141]. Double nanoapertures have the ability to trap small particles more easily than larger particles due to the sensitivity to the gap size between the two nanoapertures [31].…”

Section: Pot On Aperture Nanostructuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasmonic optical tweezers based on nanostructures: fundamentals, advances and prospects

2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The ability of metallic nanostructures to confine light at the sub-wavelength scale enables new perspectives and opportunities in the field of nanotechnology. Making use of this unique advantage, nano-optical trapping techniques have been developed to tackle new challenges in a wide range of areas from biology to quantum optics. In this work, starting from basic theories, we present a review of research progress in near-field optical manipulation techniques based on metallic nanostructures, with an emphasis on some of the most promising advances in molecular technology, such as the precise control of single biomolecules. We also provide an overview of possible future research directions of nanomanipulation techniques.

show abstract

Nanoscale volume confinement and fluorescence enhancement with double nanohole aperture

Cited by 53 publications

References 52 publications

Temperature Measurement in Plasmonic Nanoapertures Used for Optical Trapping

Temperature Measurement in Plasmonic Nanoapertures Used for Optical Trapping

Mode Matching for Optical Antennas

Plasmonic optical tweezers based on nanostructures: fundamentals, advances and prospects

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About