Nanosecond time‐resolved Raman spectroscopy for solving some Raman problems such as luminescence or thermal emission

Abstract

Raman spectroscopy is experimentally widely available and relatively simple to perform at room temperature. Some difficulties nevertheless remain, as for instance separating some various contributions from the Raman spectrum, such as thermal emission for high temperature measurements or luminescence. Here, an optimized time‐resolved Raman spectroscopy system based on a gated detection and a nanosecond pulsed laser excitation (30 ns width, 532 nm wavelength) is described. The system allows contactless Raman measurements, at high temperatures, of some materials such as zirconia and yttria. An example of Raman spectra collected on yttria at very high temperature up to 2100 °C is provided. This optimized system may also be used to discriminate between Raman scattering and luminescence as demonstrated in zirconia material.

A century of structural and vibrational spectroscopy in vitreous silica: A short review

“…The spectroscopy can also be coupled to a laser-heating device that uses a CO 2 laser for heating a glass sample levitating on a flux of inert gas. 85 Such setup allowed measurement in hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) up to about 3000 K. 85 In silica, the measurement of a Raman spectrum at 2150 K by laser-heating without TRRS detection has been reported (Figure 18). 86 consists to collect Raman spectra at high temperature and high pressure.…”

“…The use of lasers with pulse widths in the nanosecond or sub‐nanosecond range allows rejecting the fluorescence spectrum of long‐live relaxations (e.g., by defect centers or rare earth atoms in the glass), and significantly reduces the blackbody radiation in high‐temperature studies. The spectroscopy can also be coupled to a laser‐heating device that uses a CO 2 laser for heating a glass sample levitating on a flux of inert gas 85 . Such setup allowed measurement in hexagonal boron nitride (h‐BN) up to about 3000 K 85 .…”

Recent advances in linear and nonlinear Raman spectroscopy. Part XIII

“…Fotso Gueutue et al used nanosecond time‐resolved Raman spectroscopy to solve Raman problems such as those involving luminescence or thermal emission. Their optimized system, based on a gated detection and a nanosecond pulsed laser excitation, may be used to discriminate between Raman scattering and thermal luminescence, as well as ordinary luminescence as demonstrated in zirconia material …”

“…Their optimized system, based on a gated detection and a nanosecond pulsed laser excitation, may be used to discriminate between Raman scattering and thermal luminescence, as well as ordinary luminescence as demonstrated in zirconia material. [125] 13 | RESONANCE RAMAN SPECTROSCOPY Resonace Raman scattering continues to be an important aspect of Raman spectroscopy, although its advantages have in many cases been incorporated as an integral aspect of many other more recently developed fields, such as SERS, TERS, biological and biomedical Raman, nonlinear Raman, and Raman of nanomaterials. Here, we highlight those papers published in JRS that place a major emphasis on resonance Raman scattering.…”

Spread spectrum SERS allows label-free detection of attomolar neurotransmitters

“…However, plasmonic SERS-active substrates mostly require high-cost top-down nanofabrication methods or highly ordered nanoparticle synthesis to obtain stable and reproducible SERS signals for practical biochemical applications. In contrast, signal processing methods such as mathematical methods 37 , 38 , time-resolved gating 39 , and wavelength modulation 40 , can efficiently reduce the background noise from SERS signals. For instance, mathematical methods including polynomial fitting 41 , wavelet transformation 42 , derivative processing 37 , or principal component analysis (PCA) 38 eradicate fluorescence background signals without additional experimental setup or sample preparation.…”