Nanosilica-Anchored Polycaprolactone/Chitosan Nanofibrous Bioscaffold to Boost Osteogenesis for Bone Tissue Engineering

Abstract

The strategy of incorporating bioactive inorganic nanomaterials without side effects as osteoinductive supplements is promising for bone regeneration. In this work, a novel biomass nanofibrous scaffold synthesized by electrospinning silica (SiO2) nanoparticles into polycaprolactone/chitosan (PCL/CS) nanofibers was reported for bone tissue engineering. The nanosilica-anchored PCL/CS nanofibrous bioscaffold (PCL/CS/SiO2) exhibited an interlinked continuous fibers framework with SiO2 nanoparticles embedded in the fibers. Compact bone-derived cells (CBDCs), the stem cells derived from the bone cortex of the mouse, were seeded to the nanofibrous bioscaffolds. Scanning electron microscopy and cell counting were used to observe the cell adhesion. The Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay was used. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP), Alizarin red staining, real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction and Western blot tests were performed to confirm the osteogenesis of the CBDCs on the bioscaffolds. The research results demonstrated that the mechanical property of the PCL together with the antibacterial and hydrophilic properties of the CS are conducive to promoting cell adhesion, growth, migration, proliferation and differentiation. SiO2 nanoparticles, serving as bone induction factors, effectively promote the osteoblast differentiation and bone regeneration. This novel SiO2-anchored nanofibrous bioscaffold with superior bone induction activity provides a better way for bone tissue regeneration.

Chitosan-Based Smart Biomaterials for Biomedical Applications: Progress and Perspectives

“…Previous research has reported the successful electrospinning method to obtain the composite of polycaprolactone/chitosan, the nanofibers have a diameter of 50–100 nm with smooth surfaces and interconnected microstructure that will beneficial for easier cell penetration into pores of bioscaffolds . Furthermore, incorporating SiO 2 into the PCL/chitosan scaffold will increase hydrophilicity of the scaffold, raising the cell proliferation ability and decreasing cell contamination to create a favorable environment for bone tissue regeneration …”

“…52 Furthermore, incorporating SiO 2 into the PCL/chitosan scaffold will increase hydrophilicity of the scaffold, raising the cell proliferation ability and decreasing cell contamination to create a favorable environment for bone tissue regeneration. 124 TIPS can also be an option to produce a chitosan nanofiber with a size between 50 and 500 nm. 125 Zhu et al combined TIPS and 3D printing technology to obtain the composite of porous poly(L-lactide) (PLLA) and chitosan nanofiber and then combined it with polydopamine (PDA) and functionalized with quercetin (Qu).…”

Towards Polycaprolactone-Based Scaffolds for Alveolar Bone Tissue Engineering: A Biomimetic Approach in a 3D Printing Technique

“…The scaffold's physical properties (e.g., surface roughness, development of the specific surface area) [315] play a critical role in providing cell anchorage [16]. Successful anchoring enables effective cell adhesion [316]. Cell adhesion allows cells to stick to the scaffold's surface through specific molecular interactions, promotes cell proliferation, and enables cell differentiation through the development of a specific surface area [251,317].…”

Cytocompatible and osteoconductive silicon oxycarbide glass scaffolds 3D printed by DLP: a potential material for bone tissue regeneration

“…Silicon stimulates bone formation, either by promoting the secretion of factors, the osteogenic differentiation, and the mineralization process ( Chen D. et al, 2022 ; Chen et al, 2022 X. ; Ge et al, 2022 ; Yunsheng et al, 2023 ) or by regulating the osteoclastogenic activity ( Schröder et al, 2012 ; Magnusson et al, 2021 ). Since the development of bioactive glass 45S5 by Hench in the 1960s, different compositions of silicon-based glasses have been developed and evaluated for applications in bone regeneration.…”