Nanosized lead lanthanum titanate (PLT) ceramic powders synthesized by the oxidant peroxo method

Preparation of single-crystal PbTiO3 nanorods by phase transformation from Pb2Ti2O6 nanorods

“…Lead titanate (PbTiO 3 ), which exhibits a perovskite structure and a Curie temperature of 490 • C, is one of the most important members in the ferroelectric and piezoelectric families [3]. Various techniques have been applied to prepare lead titanate powders, such as sol-gel method [4,5], oxidant-peroxo process [6], coprecipitation [7] and hydrothermal method [8][9][10], besides the traditional solid-state reaction of mixed oxides [11]. One-dimensional PbTiO 3 crystallites, such as nanowires, nanorods, nanotubes, nanostrips and fibers have been successfully prepared by sol-gel template and molten salt method [12][13][14][15][16][17][18].…”

Dielectric characterization of microwave sintered lead zirconate titanate ceramics

“…Although PZT is widely investigated, there are only a few studies about PZT powders synthesized by the OPM route [5,13]. Despite this fact, it is well known that the amorphous precipitate is rich is peroxide groups that release a large amount of oxygen gas during their exothermic decomposition [5][6][7][8]13,14,18]. For this reason, sintered ceramics prepared directly from the amorphous precipitate are fragile.…”

“…For this reason, sintered ceramics prepared directly from the amorphous precipitate are fragile. On the other hand, powders calcined at temperatures higher than the peroxide decomposition are highly reactive [5,8,14]. To find the best calcination temperature, we evaluated the PZT powders calcined at temperatures from 400 to 900°C.…”

“…This route was named to as the oxidant peroxo method (OPM) and is based in the fundamental oxy-reduction reaction between lead (II) ions and several water-soluble titanium peroxo complexes. This reaction results in an amorphous and reactive precipitate free of any common contaminants found in materials synthesized by other routes that use organic compounds to stabilize cations in solution [6][7][8]. Usually, residual carbon can be eliminated only after annealing at high temperatures, however it completely modifies the final properties and destroy the quality of powders synthesized by wet-chemical routes [9,10].…”

Phase-separation-induced self-assembly of controllable PbTiO3 nanodots on Si substrates

“…Lead titanate nanoparticles could be prepared by a vibro-milling technique [10], an oxidant peroxo method [11], a Pechini method [12] and a combustion synthesis [13]. Usually, these methods involve high temperature annealing processes that led to polycrystalline particles with a uniform spherical shape around 100 nm and sharp size distribution.…”