2004
DOI: 10.1016/j.ssi.2004.04.008
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Nanostructured LiMn2O4 prepared by a glycine-nitrate process for lithium-ion batteries

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Cited by 64 publications
(23 citation statements)
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“…As shown in Figure 4 a , two pairs of separated redox peaks can be clearly observed for all the materials, suggesting that lithium ions are extracted and inserted from/into the spinel phase by a two-step process: [ 28 ] than that of two micro-sized samples at the same rate. The rate capability is also much better than that of the nano-sized spinel LiMn 2 O 4 reported by Li et al [ 20 ] and Zhang et al [ 31 ] The good rate capability is clearly attributed to the fast Li + ions diffusion within this unique nanotubular structures and robust tubular wall, [ 32 ] which can provide three different contact areas in the electrode/electrolyte interfaces, that is, inner surface, outer surface and ends of the tube. Therefore, rapid electrode reactions are guaranteed due to the multi-channels for Li + ions diffusion.…”
Section: Electrochemical Intercalation/deintercalation Behavior Of Lmmentioning
confidence: 74%
“…As shown in Figure 4 a , two pairs of separated redox peaks can be clearly observed for all the materials, suggesting that lithium ions are extracted and inserted from/into the spinel phase by a two-step process: [ 28 ] than that of two micro-sized samples at the same rate. The rate capability is also much better than that of the nano-sized spinel LiMn 2 O 4 reported by Li et al [ 20 ] and Zhang et al [ 31 ] The good rate capability is clearly attributed to the fast Li + ions diffusion within this unique nanotubular structures and robust tubular wall, [ 32 ] which can provide three different contact areas in the electrode/electrolyte interfaces, that is, inner surface, outer surface and ends of the tube. Therefore, rapid electrode reactions are guaranteed due to the multi-channels for Li + ions diffusion.…”
Section: Electrochemical Intercalation/deintercalation Behavior Of Lmmentioning
confidence: 74%
“…Nanostructured spinel LiMn 2 O 4 has shown a remarkably improved electrochemical performance in comparison with bulk spinel LiMn 2 O 4 . [157][158][159][160][161][162][163][164][165] In particular, porous spinel LiMn 2 O 4 nanostructures showed great promise for further improvement of their electrochemical performance during long-term use. 166 The porous structure generally offers a large active surface, short diffusion lengths of charge carriers (i.e., Li + ), and sufficient electrolyte pathways, which are responsible for improving Li + mobility in the given structure.…”
Section: Lithium-ion Batteries (Libs)mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…These conventional solid state methods are not relevant to produce nanosized spinel LiMn 2 O 4 , since repeated heat treatments at high temperatures are necessary, which leads to large particle size, inhomogeneity, irregular morphology and broad particle size distribution. [134][135][136][137] Thus, a sustained effort of many researchers has gone into the development of new synthetic methods to yield nanocrystalline LiMn 2 O 4 particles, such as acetate based chemical solution route, 138 reduction of manganese dioxide by glucose, 139 modified citrate route, 140 ultrasonic spray pyrolysis, 141 sol-gel using citric acid, 142 nitrate based chemical solution route, 143 mechanochemical synthesis, 144 sol-gel method, 27 self-combustion reaction, 145 glycine nitrate combustion process 146 and solid state reaction followed by ball milling. 147 Depending on the synthetic procedure, nanosized LiMn 2 O 4 with different physical and chemical properties, such as crystallinity, amount of combined water, specific surface area, porosity and conductivity were obtained.…”
Section: Manganese Oxidesmentioning
confidence: 99%