Nanostructured Mn-based oxides for electrochemical energy storage and conversion

Abstract

Batteries and supercapacitors as electrochemical energy storage and conversion devices are continuously serving for human life. The electrochemical performance of batteries and supercapacitors depends in large part on the active materials in electrodes. As an important family, Mn-based oxides have shown versatile applications in primary batteries, secondary batteries, metal-air batteries, and pseudocapacitors due to their high activity, high abundance, low price, and environmental friendliness. In order to meet future market demand, it is essential and urgent to make further improvements in energy and power densities of Mn-based electrode materials with the consideration of multiple electron reaction and low molecular weight of the active materials. Meanwhile, nanomaterials are favourable to achieve high performance by means of shortening the ionic diffusion length and providing large surface areas for electrode reactions. This article reviews the recent efforts made to apply nanostructured Mn-based oxides for batteries and pseudocapacitors. The influence of structure, morphology, and composition on electrochemical performance has been systematically summarized. Compared to bulk materials and notable metal catalysts, nanostructured Mn-based oxides can promote the thermodynamics and kinetics of the electrochemical reactions occurring at the solid-liquid or the solid-liquid-gas interface. In particular, nanostructured Mn-based oxides such as one-dimensional MnO2 nanostructures, MnO2-conductive matrix nanocomposites, concentration-gradient structured layered Li-rich Mn-based oxides, porous LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 nanorods, core-shell structured LiMnSiO4@C nanocomposites, spinel-type Co-Mn-O nanoparticles, and perovskite-type CaMnO3 with micro-nano structures all display superior electrochemical performance. This review should shed light on the sustainable development of advanced batteries and pseudocapacitors with nanostructured Mn-based oxides.

Mn3O4@CoMn2O4–CoxOyNanoparticles: Partial Cation Exchange Synthesis and Electrocatalytic Properties toward the Oxygen Reduction and Evolution Reactions

“…(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14) Among transition metal oxides, Mn-based oxides and particularly spinels have shown outstanding performance for ORR and, to a minor extent, for OER. (7,(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21) Besides, Co-based oxides are excellent electrocatalysts for OER, (22)(23)(24)(25) However, the multiple valence and related structural variability of transition metal oxides, which is at the origin of their exceptional electrocatalytic performance, is also behind the difficulty to produce these compounds in a reproducible and controlled manner. This is a particularly important limitation when taking into account the strong dependence of the physicochemical properties of transition metal oxides on composition, structural parameters, and distribution and oxidation state of cations.…”

Porous nanoarchitectures of spinel-type transition metal oxides for electrochemical energy storage systems

“…The ESSs need to fulfill many requirements, for instance, high energy density, long-term stability, cost-effectiveness, design flexibility, good safety, and easy processability, which are determined by the physicochemical and electrochemical properties of the electroactive materials composing the ESSs. [26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45] For this reason, many researchers have focused on the development of newly designed materials for sustainable energy storage applications.…”

Synthetic conditions-regulated catalytic Oxone efficacy of MnO x /SBA-15 towards butyl paraben (BPB) removal under heterogeneous conditions

“…mental remediation [1]. Among these applications, using MnO x as adsorbents, oxidizing agents or catalysts to remove various environmentally important pollutants is such a case.…”