Nanostructured Si-Based Anodes for Lithium-Ion Batteries

Abstract

High capacity electrode materials are searched for commercial applications due to the increase in energy density and power density requirements for lithium-ion secondary cells. Silicon has triggered significant research effort because of its low Li-uptake potential and the high theoretical capacity. However, volume changes during cycling cause pulverization and capacity fade, which is an obstacle of the application of silicon as an anode. Here we present a review of research progress on silicon-based anode materials for lithium-ion batteries, focusing on the effects of the morphology and compound on the electrochemical properties. The reasons of poor cycle performance are discussed. It is pointed out that to control the huge volume change and solid electrolyte interface growth during cycling is an effective way to improve the cycle performance. Outlook for the future development of silicon-based composite anode materials for the application of silicon anodes are finally outlined.

Latest development of nanostructured Si/C materials for lithium anode studies and applications

“…during the process that lithium ion insert into the Si lattice, the Si particle grow larger and larger and they will collide into and squeeze each other until attaining three folds of their original volume, leading to extremely large stresses, which cause cracking and pulverization of active particles. The cracking and pulverization of the Si Terranova, Su and Zhu et al reviewed Si/C composites respectively [23,24,27], but they did not give specific depiction of the recently reported composites of Si with nanocarbons, especially the three dimensional nanocarbons. Also, some reviews of progress of LIB materials have mentioned the progress in Si/C composites [15,[28][29][30].…”

Density functional theory analysis of surface structures of spinel LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 cathode materials

“…To cope with the great demands for high performance, scientists are designing and developing new electrode materials for the LIB S . Recently, the electrochemical performance of the anode materials has been significantly improved [1][2][3][4]. Whereas cathode electrode materials with a high energy capacity and good thermal stability are becoming the critical factor for the successful applications of the LIBs into portable electric devices and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles.…”

“…LNMO has two different crystal structures with P4 3 32 and Fd-3m space groups, which are related to the arrangements of atoms in the cells. For the LNMO with the P4 3 32 structure, Mn and Ni atoms occupy 4b and 12d sites, respectively.…”

“…For the LNMO with the P4 3 32 structure, Mn and Ni atoms occupy 4b and 12d sites, respectively. Li atoms occupy 8c sites, and O atoms occupy the 8c and 24e sites [9].…”

Formation of Nanocrystalline Surface of Cu–Sn Alloy Foam Electrochemically Produced for Li-Ion Battery Electrode

“…[1][2][3][4][5] Developing electrodes with high energy density is a promising route to satisfy the above requirement for present and future Li-ion batteries. Sn electrode has been suggested to replace graphite anode due to its higher theoretical capacity.…”