Nanotechnology: A New Hope for the Cure of Osteoarthritis, Osteoporosis and Rheumatoid Arthritis

Abstract

Bone and cartilage diseases especially osteoporosis, osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis are rapidly prevailing both in men and women particularly due to increase in life expectancies. Different treatments are being proposed using conventional drugs and their modifications. But the side effects associated with such drugs and difficulty in treatment strategies due to multifactorial nature of such diseases and difficulty in drug delivery led the researchers towards the development of more advanced technologies for the treatment purpose. Nanotechnology is a promising strategy for treating such diseases that suppresses the progression of such diseases providing causal treatment. In this review, we will summarize the recent nano-based targeted and non-targeted delivery systems using various types of nanoparticles, nanogels, nanocomplexes, nanocarriers, hydrogels etc. for the efficient delivery of drugs and other therapeutic agents like mRNA, genes, insulin-growth factors etc. Moreover, role of nanoparticles for bone and cartilage repair in tissue engineering will also be discussed.

Development of biomedical hydrogels for rheumatoid arthritis treatment

“…Up to a 50% genetic risk factor is attributed to RA development [7] , while smoking is another prominent risk that contributes to RA in well-developed countries [8] . This disease proportionally exists more in women groups than in men and elderly groups [ 3 , 9 ]. Active RA is often uncontrollable which makes patients suffer from painful chronic swelling, tissue damage, instability and deformity [ 10 , 11 ].…”