Nanotechnology and the Developing World

Salamanca-Buentello, Fabio; Persad, Deepa L; Court, Erin B; Martin, Douglas K.; Daar, Abdallah S.; Сингер, Петер

doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.0020097

Cited by 281 publications

(136 citation statements)

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“…The concerns about the negative impacts of nanotechnology on marginalized communities, voiced most cogently by the ETC Group (2003), are countered by others who point out that nanotechnology applications can become the means to achieve the United Nations Millennium Development Goals (see, for example, Salamanca-Buentello et al, 2005;United Nations Millennium Project, 2005). Thus, the United Nations Millennium Project report (ibid.)…”

Section: Global Equity and Rights : Implications For Developing Countmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Indeed, it is precisely such imperatives that drive the global pharmaceutical industry resulting in a focus on producing innumerable over-the-counter products for wealthier nations rather than ensuring access to essential, life-saving drugs for poorer ones. Recognizing the potential for nanotechnology to create winners and losers in both national and international contexts, scholars such as Baird and Vogt (2004) ask whether nanotechnology will address the most urgent problems of developing countries (energy, clean water, food) or just accept a 'global nanodivide' as we have come to live with a 'digital and genetic divide' (p393).The concerns about the negative impacts of nanotechnology on marginalized communities, voiced most cogently by the ETC Group (2003), are countered by others who point out that nanotechnology applications can become the means to achieve the United Nations Millennium Development Goals (see, for example, Salamanca-Buentello et al, 2005; United Nations Millennium Project, 2005). Thus, the United Nations Millennium Project report (ibid.)…”

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Nanotechnology, Society, and Environment

Murphy¹,

Munshi²,

Kurian³

et al. 2011

Comprehensive Nanoscience and Technology

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SynopsisNanotechnology talk is moving out of its comfort zone of scientific discourse. As new products go to market and national and international organizations roll out public engagement programs on nanotechnology to discuss environmental and health issues, various sectors of the public are beginning to discuss what all the fuss is about. NonGovernmental Organizations have long since reacted; however, now the social sciences have begun to study the cultural phenomenon of nanotechnology, thus extending discourses and opening out nanotechnology to whole new social dimensions. We report here on these social dimensions and their new constructed imaginings, each of which is evident in the ways in which discourses around nanotechnology intersects with the economy, ecology, health, governance, and imagined futures. We conclude that there needs to be more than just an 'environmental, legal and social implications', or 'ELSI', sideshow within nanotechnology. The collective public imaginings of nanotechnology include tangles of science and science fiction, local enterprise and global transformation, all looking forward towards a sustainable future, while looking back on past debates about science and nature. Nanotechnology is already very much embedded in the social fabric of our life and times. IntroductionThe six volumes in this series have described powerful opportunities that nanotechnology presents for society, as represented by those of us who work within and around the physical sciences. But how is nanotechnology represented to and understood by the rest of society? What are the risks, benefits and other perspectives of nanotechnology that can be said to be shared knowledge among and between nano-specialists and non-specialists?Much of the discussion on nanotechnology covered in this chapter is often placed under the banner of environmental health and safety (EHS) issues or environmental, legal and social implications (ELSI), separating them from the science of nanomaterials. We prefer, however, to fix our gaze on the shared visions of technological specialists and nonspecialists alike when imagining a world with nanotechnology. As nanotechnology is seen as an important future development, scientific, technological, health and environmental issues associated with its application are expected to be closely linked to wider social, ethical and cultural concerns.This chapter focuses then on what can broadly be called the 'public imaginary' of nanotechnology. In this context, the term 'public' needs to be defined better. We refer 3 here to 'publics' rather than a singular public, reflecting the contemporary sociological view that science and technology is understood and used by various different public contexts, and that scientists of different hues are also part of these publics. We do not have the space here to present a detailed case about why understanding public perspectives on science is important. But the various perspectives of nanotechnology here will present enough evidence about the complexities of nanotechn...

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Section: Global Equity and Rights : Implications For Developing Countmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanotechnology, Society, and Environment

Murphy¹,

Munshi²,

Kurian³

et al. 2011

Comprehensive Nanoscience and Technology

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“…O Departamento de C&T da Índia anunciou investimentos de U$ 20 milhões no período de 2004-2009. Tailândia, Filipinas, Chile, México e Argentina também já têm programas de investimento em N&N 8 . Nesse contexto, merece destaque, uma excelente proposta voltada para a criação do Instituto de Nanotecnologia Brasil-Argentina, que resultou do proveitoso encontro das sociedades científicas dos dois países, no final de 2004.…”

Section: A Nanotecnologia E O Mundo Em Desenvolvimentounclassified

Interfaces e organização da pesquisa no Brasil: da Química à Nanotecnologia

Toma

2005

Quím. Nova

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RESEARCH ORGANIZATION IN BRAZIL: FROM CHEMISTRY TO NANOTECHNOLOGY. Nanotechnology can be viewed as a powerful tool, capable of shaping the chemistry of atoms and molecules, converting them into exciting nanosized and nanostructured materials, devices and machines. However, in pursuing this task, an exceptional ability is required to deal with complex inter-and multidisciplinary approaches, as imposed by the nanoscale. A new research organization framework, capable of promoting cooperative interactions in many complementary areas, including the industries, is demanded. In this sense, an interesting example are the nanotechnology networks and millenium institutes recently created in Brazil. The highlights and weakness of such cooperative research networks are discussed, in addition to relevant nanotechnology themes focusing on the special needs and resources from the developing nations.Keywords: nanotechnology networks; research organization; developing nations. INTRODUÇÃOA Nanotecnologia e Nanociências (N&N) vêm dando um impulso extraordinário à inovação e evolução do conhecimento, marcando presença em quase todas as revistas científicas da atualidade 1 . Essa mudança, que tem sido crescente desde a última década, já está sendo assimilada pela cultura científica universal, permeando as áreas de Física, Biologia e Materiais através da abordagem dos novos sistemas e propriedades na escala nanométrica e, principalmente, molecular. Na Química, por razões óbvias, esse tipo de abordagem pode ser considerado intrínseco, se encarado sob o ponto de vista da Nanociência. De fato, átomos e moléculas são a essência da Química; contudo, apesar disso, a visão nanotecnológica, capaz de transformar os sistemas moleculares em nanodispositivos ou nanomáquinas, ainda é uma importante questão a ser trabalhada 2-4 . O químico está acostumado a lidar com a matéria condensada, cujas propriedades são expressas em termos de uma unidade astronômica, que é o mol. Apesar de na sala de aula, o aluno ser educado a pensar em termos de moléculas discretas, na prática esse conhecimento acaba se transportando para o coletivo, ou "bulk", incorporando conceitos e variáveis macroscópicas. Nesse processo pedagógico, as propriedades de uma molécula, como o benzeno, confundem-se com as do material contido em um litro dessa espé-cie. Surgem, dessa forma, incongruências pois, na forma condensada, o benzeno se comporta como isolante, ao passo que, na escala nanométrica, as moléculas de benzeno são condutores eletrôni-cos. Pode parecer estranho, mas, desenvolver aplicações no plano nanométrico partindo do conhecimento químico dos sistemas condensados ("bulk") não é trivial e requer uma educação tipicamente nanotecnológica 3 . Até um cineticista experiente, no trato da transferência de elétrons em fase condensada através da teoria de Marcus, pode se ver em apuros com sua falta de habilidade para equacionar a passagem de elétrons através de uma única molécula, inserida entre dois nanoeletrodos.A linguagem quântica passa a ser real no mundo nanométrico. Assim...

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“…In 2005, the United Nations (UN) Millennium Project's Taskforce on Science, Technology and Innovation concluded that nanotechnology can contribute to the attainment of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), specifically, the goals to reduce child mortality, improve maternal mortality and combat HIV/AIDS, malaria and other diseases. [2,11,14] Health, specifically improved primary healthcare, is one of six focus areas highlighted in SA's National Nanotechnology Strategy (NNS), where nanotechnology can offer the most signi ficant benefits for the country. [15] Nanotechnology has a significant range of potential biomedical applications and is being used to develop nanodevices and structures to prevent, treat and monitor diseases.…”

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Nanotechnology in medicine and healthcare: Possibilities, progress and problems

Gardner

2015

S Afr J BL

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Corresponding author : J Gardner (Jillian.Gardner@wits.ac.za) Nanotechnology or nanoscience covers the investigation, design, manipulation, precision placement, measurement, modelling or fabrication of matter, structures, devices and systems that exist at the nanoscale -essentially at the atomic and molecular size levels. Nanotechnology has the potential to change the way we address some of the world's most critical development problems. In 2005, the United Nations (UN) Millennium Project's Taskforce on Science, Technology and Innovation concluded that nanotechnology can contribute to the attainment of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), specifically, the goals to reduce child mortality, improve maternal mortality and combat HIV/ AIDS, malaria and other diseases. Health, specifically improved primary healthcare, is one of six focus areas highlighted in South Africa's National Nanotechnology Strategy (NNS), where nanotechnology can offer the most significant benefits for the country. Nanotechnology can revolutionise the practice of medicine and the delivery and accessibility of healthcare. However, despite the significant benefits of nanotechnology, there are problems that could prevent it from being widely accepted. The qualities that make nanotechnology so appealing are also those that give rise for concern. In particular, there are uncertainties about its potential impact on human health, the environment and societies in general, along with the concern that nanotechnology, much like genetic engineering or modification, is 'messing' with the buil ding blocks of nature and is therefore, 'unnatural' even unethical. This article considers these concerns and concludes that there is nothing intrinsically good or bad about nanotechnology, but that its acceptability will depend largely on how it is used and introduced into society.S Afri J BL 2015;8(2):5053.

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Nanotechnology and the Developing World

Abstract: How nanotechnology can be harnessed to address some of the world's most critical development problems

Cited by 281 publications

References 4 publications

Nanotechnology, Society, and Environment

Nanotechnology, Society, and Environment

Interfaces e organização da pesquisa no Brasil: da Química à Nanotecnologia

Nanotechnology in medicine and healthcare: Possibilities, progress and problems

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