“…As explained earlier, natural polymers are mostly composed of polysaccharides and proteins and are readily derived from a variety of natural sources, including animals, plants, sea creatures, and fungi. They are inexpensive, non-toxic, highly stable, safe, and biodegradable [ 201 ]. In addition, some of natural polymers that can be used as nanocarriers show antiviral activity, thus notably promote the synergistic antiviral effect of the nanoformulation.…”
Section: Nanocarriers Of Antiviral Peptides and Antiviral Polysacchar...mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In addition, some of natural polymers that can be used as nanocarriers show antiviral activity, thus notably promote the synergistic antiviral effect of the nanoformulation. Among synthetic polymers, the most widely used ones are polystyrene (PS), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), polyglycolic acid (PGA), poly (alkyl cyanoacrylate) (PACA), polymethacrylate (PMMA), poly (isobutyl cyanoacrylate) (PICA), and PLGA [ 5 , 201 ]. Fig.…”
Section: Nanocarriers Of Antiviral Peptides and Antiviral Polysacchar...mentioning
“…As explained earlier, natural polymers are mostly composed of polysaccharides and proteins and are readily derived from a variety of natural sources, including animals, plants, sea creatures, and fungi. They are inexpensive, non-toxic, highly stable, safe, and biodegradable [ 201 ]. In addition, some of natural polymers that can be used as nanocarriers show antiviral activity, thus notably promote the synergistic antiviral effect of the nanoformulation.…”
Section: Nanocarriers Of Antiviral Peptides and Antiviral Polysacchar...mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In addition, some of natural polymers that can be used as nanocarriers show antiviral activity, thus notably promote the synergistic antiviral effect of the nanoformulation. Among synthetic polymers, the most widely used ones are polystyrene (PS), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), polyglycolic acid (PGA), poly (alkyl cyanoacrylate) (PACA), polymethacrylate (PMMA), poly (isobutyl cyanoacrylate) (PICA), and PLGA [ 5 , 201 ]. Fig.…”
Section: Nanocarriers Of Antiviral Peptides and Antiviral Polysacchar...mentioning
“…In addition, it can be seen that the sustained release mechanisms of naturally occurring therapeutic agents are a crucial method for increasing the biological efficacy of these agents and addressing their drawbacks by introducing new options for chronic and terminal disease management [107,108,109,110].…”
Section: Natural Product Based Drug Delivery Systemmentioning
Nanomedicine and nano delivery systems, although relatively recent but fast-developing technology is one where nanoscale materials are used to function as diagnostic tools or to deliver therapeutic agents to specifically targeted sites in a controlled manner. It also provides many advantages in the management of human diseases. Recently, there has been a range of excellent uses of nanomedicine as chemotherapeutic agents, biological agents, immunotherapeutic agents, etc., for treatment of different diseases. In this chapter we discuss the recent developments and insights obtained in the field of nanomedicine. It provides a review of the numerous nano-based drug delivery systems that enhance the efficacy of new and old drugs. The new opportunities and challenges arising in the area of nanomedicine from therapeutic viewpoint are also addressed.
“…In this respect, the advent of nanotechnology in medicine in recent years represents an excellent tool with which to improve the effectiveness of natural compounds in the treatment of several diseases as it increases their bioavailability [ 19 ]. Specifically, nano-based drug delivery systems provide a large surface area that increases dissolving properties, while also facilitating lipid membrane crossing in a way that is dependent on the nanosystem’s features [ 20 , 21 ].…”
Respiratory viral diseases are among the most important causes of disability, morbidity, and death worldwide. Due to the limited efficacy or side effects of many current therapies and the increase in antiviral-resistant viral strains, the need to find new compounds to counteract these infections is growing. Since the development of new drugs is a time-consuming and expensive process, numerous studies have focused on the reuse of commercially available compounds, such as natural molecules with therapeutic properties. This phenomenon is generally called drug repurposing or repositioning and represents a valid emerging strategy in the drug discovery field. Unfortunately, the use of natural compounds in therapy has some limitations, due to their poor kinetic performance and consequently reduced therapeutic effect. The advent of nanotechnology in biomedicine has allowed this limitation to be overcome, showing that natural compounds in nanoform may represent a promising strategy against respiratory viral infections. In this narrative review, the beneficial effects of some promising natural molecules, curcumin, resveratrol, quercetin, and vitamin C, which have been already studied both in native form and in nanoform, against respiratory viral infections are presented and discussed. The review focuses on the ability of these natural compounds, analyzed in in vitro and in vivo studies, to counteract inflammation and cellular damage induced by viral infection and provide scientific evidence of the benefits of nanoformulations in increasing the therapeutic potential of these molecules.
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