Nanowire Embedded Micro-Drilled Dual-Channel Approach to Develop Highly Sensitive Biosensor

Abstract

In this letter, we propose a novel approach to develop a highly sensitive surface plasmon resonance (SPR) based fiber optics biosensor. The sensor comprises a dual-drilled channel (DDC) with gold-nanowire (AuNW) contained in each channel to excite the plasmon modes. The SPR effect between the core guided mode and the surface plasmon polariton (SPP) modes of the DDC is used to evaluate the sensing response with respect to different analytes. The sensing performance, coupling characteristics, and the fabrication tolerance of the sensor are numerically analyzed and characterized by using a full-vectorial Finite Element Method (FEM). The designed sensor shows a minimum sensitivity of 3150 nm/RIU for refractive index (RI) = 1.310. While, the sensor exhibits an extremely high sensitivity varying from 10250 nm/RIU to 90500 nm/RIU for RI varied over the range of 1.370 to 1.400. Various structural parameters, e.g., separation of the channel from the core, the radius of the AuNW, the fabrication tolerance, etc., have been studied in this work. In addition, the possible fabrication steps of such a design have been discussed indicating its simple practical realization.

Review of Biosensors Based on Plasmonic-Enhanced Processes in the Metallic and Meta-Material-Supported Nanostructures

“…The performance of the device was analyzed using FEM, and the obtained results exhibited the highest wavelength sensitivity of 20.400 nm/RIU along with an amplitude sensitivity of 700/RIU for the analyte refractive index ranging from 1.455 to 1.5. In 2022, Pathak et al designed a dual channel in SMF considering a single AuNW in each channel and achieved a higher sensitivity [164] than any of the previously reported sensors [121,132,133,160,165]. The schematic diagram of the designed sensor is shown in Figure 26.…”

Fiber Optic Sensor with a Gold Nanowire Group Array for Broad Range and Low Refractive Index Detection

“…The analysis of manufacturing tolerances allows a good analysis of the errors caused by manufacturing process differences on the structure, which can reflect the stability and feasibility of the device. General manufacturing tolerances are considered in the range of ±2% to ±10% [26,28]. As shown in Figure 8, we analyze the ±5% manufacturing tolerance of the proposed sensor.…”

“…et al proposed a highly sensitive bio-detection by embedding metal nanowires into a dual-hole microchannel. The design utilizes two Au nanowires to excite two modes of coupling to achieve high performance detection characteristics with a sensitivity of 90,500 nm/RIU at an RI of 1.40 [28]. Meshginqalam, B. and Barvestani, J. proposed a highly sensitive fiber optic sensor for cancer cell detection using two sets of bimetallic wires.…”

Peculiarities of the Resonant Response of a Subwavelength Double Grating with Optical PT-Symmetry

“…Resonant grating reflection filters can achieve symmetrical line shapes with spectral linewidths on the order of angstroms and reflection efficiencies approaching 100% [10,11]. Further interest in subwavelength resonant structures has been raised by the technological progress made in the field of nanolithography, material structuring and further developments in widespread applications in integrated optics [11], including the creation of the latest generation of biosensors [12][13][14][15], color structuring technology [16], and the study and use of nonlinear [17,18] and nonlocal response [19] of resonant periodic structures.…”