Nardostachys jatamansi (D.Don) DC.: An invaluable and constantly dwindling resource of the Himalayas

Kaur, Harmeet; Lekhak, Manoj M.; Chahal, Swati; Goutam, Umesh; Jha, Priyanka; Naidoo, Devashan; Ochatt, Sergio; Kumar, Vijay

doi:10.1016/j.sajb.2020.08.010

Cited by 19 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 108 publications

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“…Due to its excessive overexploitation and special biological properties (e.g. low germination rate), N. jatamansi is now on the verge of extinction (Kaur et al, 2020).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nardostachys jatamansi is one such Himalayan plant (located in alpine and subalpine areas, 3,200 to 4,800 m) that has a long history of great therapeutic use in Chinese, Tibetan, Japanese, Indian and other traditional systems ( Sharma et al., 2000 ; Chen and Mukerji, 2013 ; Dhiman and Bhattacharya, 2019 ). The roots and rhizomes of N. jatamansi have been reported to treat various diseases, such as nervous and digestive disorders, and to cure headache disorder, memory loss, mental disorders, heart palpitations, nerve and cardiac diseases, and so on ( Rokaya et al., 2010 ; Dhiman and Bhattacharya, 2019 ; Kaur et al., 2020 ). Surprisingly, N. jatamansi also has extensive application in religious activities in northern India and Tibetan areas in western China ( Kala et al., 2006 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To date, numerous compounds with a wide range of biological properties have been isolated and identified from N. jatamansi , such as lignans, alkaloids, neolignans, coumarins, and sesquiterpenoids ( Kaur et al., 2020 ; Nisha et al., 2020 ). Of these numerous compounds, the sesquiterpenoids are the major chemical constituents of roots and rhizomes of the plant, which are considered to be directly related to different medicinal purposes ( Kaur et al., 2020 ; Nisha et al., 2020 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Metabolome and transcriptome associated analysis of sesquiterpenoid metabolism in Nardostachys jatamansi

et al. 2022

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BackgroundNardostachys jatamansi, an extremely endangered valuable plant of the alpine Himalayas, can synthesize specific sesquiterpenoids with multiple effective therapies and is widely exploited for the preparation of drugs, cosmetics and even religious functions (e.g., well-known spikenard). However, how accumulation trend of the sesquiterpenoids in tissues and the molecular mechanisms underlying the production of the active ingredients are not well understood.MethodsThe single-molecule real-time (SMRT) and RNA-seq transcriptome sequencing were combined to analyse the roots, rhizomes, leaves, flowers and anthocaulus of N. jatamansi. The phytochemical analysis was performed by gas chromatography‒mass spectrometry (GC‒MS) and ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC).ResultsA high-quality full-length reference transcriptome with 26,503 unigenes was generated for the first time. For volatile components, a total of sixty-five compounds were successfully identified, including fifty sesquiterpenoids. Their accumulation levels in five tissues were significantly varied, and most of the sesquiterpenoids were mainly enriched in roots and rhizomes. In addition, five aromatic compounds were only detected in flowers, which may help the plant attract insects for pollination. For nonvolatile ingredients, nardosinone-type sesquiterpenoids (nardosinone, kanshone C, and isonardosinone) were detected almost exclusively in roots and rhizomes. The candidate genes associated with sesquiterpenoid biosynthesis were identified by transcriptome analysis. Consistently, it was found that most biosynthesis genes were abundantly expressed in the roots and rhizomes according to the functional enrichment and expression patterns results. There was a positive correlation between the expression profile of genes related to the biosynthesis and the accumulation level of sesquiterpenoids in tissues. Gene family function analysis identified 28 NjTPSs and 43 NjCYPs that may be involved in the biosynthesis of the corresponding sesquiterpenoids. Furthermore, gene family functional analysis and gene coexpression network analysis revealed 28 NjTPSs and 43 NjCYPs associated with nardosinone-type sesquiterpenoid biosynthesis.ConclusionOur research results reveal the framework of sesquiterpenoids accumulation and biosynthesis in plant tissues and provide valuable support for further studies to elucidate the molecular mechanisms of sesquiterpenoid regulation and accumulation in N. jatamansi and will also contribute to the comprehensive utilization of this alpine plant.

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“…Due to its excessive overexploitation and special biological properties (e.g. low germination rate), N. jatamansi is now on the verge of extinction (Kaur et al, 2020).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Metabolome and transcriptome associated analysis of sesquiterpenoid metabolism in Nardostachys jatamansi

et al. 2022

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“…Nardostachys jatamansi DC. is an endangered perennial herbal medicinal plant, and has anti-tumor, anti-depressant, anti-oxidant and other pharmacological activities [ 15 , 16 ]. G-6 is a novel guaiane-type sesquiterpenoid extracted from the roots and rhizomes of Nardostachys jatamansi by our research group, and the related spectroscopic data were exhibited in supplemental materials Figures S1 and S2 [ 17 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nardoguaianone L Isolated from Nardostachys jatamansi Improved the Effect of Gemcitabine Chemotherapy via Regulating AGE Signaling Pathway in SW1990 Cells

Zheng

et al. 2022

Molecules

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Pancreatic cancer is the seventh leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide and is known as “the king of cancers”. Currently, gemcitabine (GEM) as the clinical drug of choice for chemotherapy of advanced pancreatic cancer has poor drug sensitivity and ineffective chemotherapy. Nardoguaianone L (G-6) is a novel guaiane-type sesquiterpenoid isolated from Nardostachys jatamansi DC., and it exhibits anti-tumor activity. Based on the newly discovered G-6 with anti-pancreatic cancer activity in our laboratory, this paper aimed to evaluate the potential value of the combination of G-6 and GEM in SW1990 cells, including cell viability, cell apoptosis, colony assay and tandem mass tags (TMT) marker-based proteomic technology. These results showed that G-6 combined with GEM significantly inhibited cell viability, and the effect was more obvious than that with single drug. In addition, the use of TMT marker-based proteomic technology demonstrated that the AGE-RAGE signaling pathway was activated after medication-combination. Furthermore, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) assays were used to validate the proteomic results. Finally, apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry. In conclusion, G-6 combined with GEM induced an increase in ROS level and a decrease in MMP in SW1990 cells through the AGE-RAGE signaling pathway, ultimately leading to apoptosis. G-6 improved the effect of GEM chemotherapy and may be used as a potential combination therapy for pancreatic cancer.

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“…This species bears an extended history of use and has been extensively mentioned in Unani, Ayurveda, Nepalese, Bhutanese, Japanese, and Chinese systems of medicine. The herb was also used as a seasoning in a sweet and spiced wine drink called “Hippocras” ( Bose et al., 2019 ; Kaur et al., 2020 ). In traditional medicine systems, this species is considered a mind rejuvenator or brain tonic, stimulant, antidiabetic, cardio tonic, antipyretic, and antiflatulent, and is used in treating various neurological disorders like epilepsy, insomnia, anxiety, depression, and hysteria.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Green approach for the recovery of secondary metabolites from the roots of Nardostachys Jatamansi (D. Don) DC using microwave radiations: Process optimization and anti-alzheimer evaluation

et al. 2022

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Nardostachys jatamansi (D. Don) DC is a highly valued medicinal herb that has been used in traditional medicinal systems for its remedial effects. Owing to the over-exploitation and unethical trade of N. jatamansi, the accelerating global demand of herbal products from this plant cannot be satisfied by the conventional extraction approach. In view of the progressive demand and incredible biological potential of herb, the present research was designed to optimize various extraction parameters for microwave-assisted extraction (MAE). The extracts obtained from the traditional and green approach were also assessed for the recovery of secondary metabolites and anti-Alzheimer’s potential. Various parameters like microwave power, temperature, and time of irradiation were optimized for MAE using Box Behkhen Design (BBD) The scanning electron microscopy of different plant samples was also done to observe the effect of microwave radiations. Further, the metabolite profiling of different extracts was also done by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis. Also the different behavioral and biochemical parameters along with acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitory potential were assessed to evaluate the anti-Alzheimer’s potential. Optimized parameters for MAE were found to be as microwave power 187.04 W, temperature 90°C, and irradiation time 20 min. The extract yield in MAE was significantly enhanced as compared to the conventional method. Also, the total phenolic content and total flavonoid content (TFC) were improved pointedly from 32.13 ± 0.55 to 72.83 ± 1.1 mg of GAE/g of extract and 21.7 ± 0.85 to 39.21 ± 0.7 mg of RUE/g of extract respectively. Later, the GC-MS analysis of various extracts confirmed the enhancement in the concentration of various sesquiterpenes like jatamansone, spirojatamol, valerenal, valeric acid, globulol, nootkatone and steroidal compounds such as sitosterol, ergosterol, stigmastanone, etc. in the optimized extract. A significant improvement in anti-Alzheimer’s potential was also observed owing to the better concentration of secondary metabolites in the optimized microwave extract. From the current findings, it could be concluded that the MAE could be a successful and green alternative for the extraction and recovery of secondary metabolites from the selected medicinal herb.

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Nardostachys jatamansi (D.Don) DC.: An invaluable and constantly dwindling resource of the Himalayas

Cited by 19 publications

References 108 publications

Metabolome and transcriptome associated analysis of sesquiterpenoid metabolism in Nardostachys jatamansi

Metabolome and transcriptome associated analysis of sesquiterpenoid metabolism in Nardostachys jatamansi

Nardoguaianone L Isolated from Nardostachys jatamansi Improved the Effect of Gemcitabine Chemotherapy via Regulating AGE Signaling Pathway in SW1990 Cells

Green approach for the recovery of secondary metabolites from the roots of Nardostachys Jatamansi (D. Don) DC using microwave radiations: Process optimization and anti-alzheimer evaluation

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