Nasal cavity deposition, histopathology, and cell proliferation after single or repeated formaldehyde exposures in B6C3F1 mice and F-344 rats

Chang, Jane; Gross, Elizabeth A.; Swenberg, James A.; Barrow, Craig S.

doi:10.1016/0041-008x(83)90001-7

Cited by 153 publications

(74 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Light microscopy revealed clear treatment-related effects. Formaldehyde-induced responses, which resembled those reported by other workers (4,19), included acute inflammation, epithelial hyperplasia and squamous metaplasia. These responses were fairly severe and extensive in animals exposed to 15 ppm, minimal to mild at 6 ppm, and absent at 2 and 0 ppm.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 67%

Unit Length as the Denominator for Quantitation of Cell Proliferation in Nasal Epithelia

1990

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Cell proliferation data, generally based on a labeling index (LI), provide a valuable endpoint for assessment of toxic and potentially carcinogenic responses in laboratory animals. Measurement of the LI is time consuming because of the large number of cells that need to be counted to determine the denominator. In respiratory mucosa, the total cell count of the surface epithelia may be altered in response to treatment, either through cell loss or increases in cell number (e.g., hyperplasia). As an alternative to the more conventional LI, the present studies were carried out to assess the value of expressing cell proliferation in nasal epithelia as a unit length labeling index (ULLI), defined as labeled cells per mm of basement membrane. Rats were exposed by inhalation to formaldehyde or methyl bromide, and changes in cell proliferation were determined in the respiratory and olfactory epithelia, respectively, using both total cell count and basement membrane length as denominators. Total cell counts were clearly influenced by treatment, while basement membrane length was not. Both methods revealed similar treatment-induced effects on cell proliferation, and in fact were highly correlated (R 2: 0.92, p < 0.001). It was concluded that the ULLI method provides an effectivealternative to total cell counts and the LI method. This approach is not influenced by alterations in the total cell population, and has the benefit of being less labor intensive than LI determinations.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 67%

Unit Length as the Denominator for Quantitation of Cell Proliferation in Nasal Epithelia

1990

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“…Whether this interaction is related to chemical interactions between the pollutant gases in the epithelium or to different changes in breathing pattern and dose distribution invoked by irritancy of the pollutants is not clear. Variations in ventilatory responses to HCHO in rats and mice have been implicated as affecting the magnitude of epithelial injury (Chang et al, 1983). Breathing pattern responses to O 3 exposure are present both at rest and during exercise in dogs and humans (DeLucia and Adams, 1977;Lee et al, 1980).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…After photographic development, slides were stained lightly with toluidine blue. Formaldehyde injury is evident in respiratory epithelium of the anterior nasal passages, specifically at the tips of the nasal and maxillary turbinates and lateral wall of level II nasal cavity sections (Chang et al, 1983;Buckley et al, 1984;Morgan et al, 1986a,b). We observed the most prominent injury in a subdivision of respiratory epithelium characterized by nonciliated or sparsely ciliated cuboidal epithelium-the same locale observed as a focus for development of polypoid adenomas in chronic HCHO exposures of rats (Morgan et al, 1986c).…”

Section: Histopathologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of exercise exposure on toxic interactions between inhaled oxidant and aldehyde air pollutants

Mautz

Kleinman

Phalen

et al. 1988

Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health

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“…Morphological changes (acute degeneration, swelling, formation of dense bodies and vacuoles in the epithelial cells) in the respiratory epithelium of rats (F344) have been described after a single 6 hour exposure to 15 ml/m 3 formaldehyde [67,68]. 3 to 5 such exposures were sufficient to cause ulceration of the respiratory epithelium in most animals.…”

Section: Cytotoxicitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Formaldehyde [MAK Value Documentation, 1992]

2012

The MAK‐Collection for Occupational Health and Safety

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Published in the series Occupational Toxicants , Vol. 3 (1992) The article contains sections titled: Preliminary Remarks Toxic Effects and Modes of Action Effects in Man Odour threshold Eye irritation Irritation of the upper respiratory passages Tests of respiratory function Summary Effects on Animals Mucociliary clearance Ultrastructural changes Cytotoxicity Metabolism, covalent binding Summary Reproductive and Developmental Toxicity Animal studies Evaluation Manifesto (MAK value, classification)

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Nasal cavity deposition, histopathology, and cell proliferation after single or repeated formaldehyde exposures in B6C3F1 mice and F-344 rats

Cited by 153 publications

References 10 publications

Unit Length as the Denominator for Quantitation of Cell Proliferation in Nasal Epithelia

Unit Length as the Denominator for Quantitation of Cell Proliferation in Nasal Epithelia

Effects of exercise exposure on toxic interactions between inhaled oxidant and aldehyde air pollutants

Formaldehyde [MAK Value Documentation, 1992]

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