Nasal-Continuous Positive Airway Pressure Reduces Pulmonary Morbidity and Length of Hospital Stay Following Thoracoabdominal Aortic Surgery

Kindgen‐Milles, Detlef; Müller, E.; Buhl, Rolf; Böhner, H.; Ritter, Daniel; Sandmann, W.; Tarnow, J.

doi:10.1378/chest.128.2.821

Cited by 165 publications

(91 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…117 In a randomized controlled trial, Kingen-Milles et al found that the prophylactic use of nasal CPAP was associated with a reduction in pulmonary complications and hospital length of stay in patients undergoing thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm repair. 118 In another study, Zarbock et al also noted significant reduction in the rate of pulmonary complications with the prophylactic use of nasal CPAP in patients undergoing elective cardiac surgery. 119 A recent meta-analysis of nine randomized controlled trials in the abdominal surgical population reported reduction in the rate of atelectasis, postoperative pulmonary complications, and pneumonia with the perioperative use of CPAP.…”

Section: Preoperative Evaluationmentioning

confidence: 95%

Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome and Perioperative Complications: A Systematic Review of the Literature

Vasu

Grewal

Doghramji

2012

Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine

217

147

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Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is a common sleep related breathing disorder. Its prevalence is estimated to be between 2% and 25% in the general population. However, the prevalence of sleep apnea is much higher in patients undergoing elective surgery. Sedation and anesthesia have been shown to increase the upper airway collapsibility and therefore increasing the risk of having postoperative complications in these patients. Furthermore, the majority of patients with sleep apnea are undiagnosed and therefore are at risk during the perioperative period. It is important to identify these patients so that appropriate actions can be taken in a timely fashion. In this review article, we will discuss the epidemiology of sleep apnea in the surgical population. We will also discuss why these patients are at a higher risk of having postoperative complications, with the special emphasis on the role of anesthesia, opioids, sedation, and the phenomenon of REM sleep rebound. We will also review how to identify these patients preoperatively and the steps that can be taken for their perioperative management. OSAS has been shown to be associated with various healthrelated consequences, including increased rate of motor vehicle accidents, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, congestive heart failure, stroke, and all-cause mortality. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9] Recently, numerous studies have demonstrated that surgical patients with sleep apnea are at increased risk of having perioperative complications, including hypoxemia, pneumonia, diffi cult intubation, myocardial infarction, pulmonary embolism, atelectasis, cardiac arrhythmias, and unanticipated admission to the ICU. The majority of patients with OSA are undiagnosed upon admission and are at risk during the perioperative period, presumably due to their underlying sleep apnea. Therefore, it is very important to identify these patients preoperatively so that one can initiate appropriate perioperative measures. EpidemiologyOSAS is an extremely common sleep related breathing disorder, and its prevalence has been increasing throughout the world because of obesity and increasing age of the general population. Its prevalence is between 2% and 25% in the general population, depending upon how sleep apnea is defi ned. In an epidemiological study, Young et al. noted that the prevalence of sleep apnea, defi ned as apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) ≥ 5/h was 9% for women and 24% for men. 10 However, the prevalence of OSAS (defi ned as AHI ≥ 5/h and daytime sleepiness) was 2% in women and 4% in men. 10 The National Sleep Foundation (NSF) Sleep in America 2005Poll found that 1 in 4 Americans are at high risk of having sleep apnea based on the Berlin Questionnaire. 11 The prevalence of sleep apnea is much higher in surgical patients and depends on the type of surgery. In the bariatric surgery population, the prevalence of sleep apnea has been found to be > 70%. 12,13 It is the standard of care for these patients to get a formal sleep evaluation prior to undergoing the bariatric surgery. Howev...

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Section: Preoperative Evaluationmentioning

confidence: 95%

Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome and Perioperative Complications: A Systematic Review of the Literature

Vasu

Grewal

Doghramji

2012

Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine

217

147

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…94 The average age of patients enrolled in these trials was about 65 years, which represents an additional risk factor for postoperative respiratory failure, and the risk due to patients' comorbidities was not specifically defined. 169 Although cardiac and thoracic surgery may be considered high-risk procedures, the actual incidence of respiratory failure with these types of surgery is relatively low.…”

Section: Prevention Of Respiratory Failurementioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical practice guidelines for the use of noninvasive positive-pressure ventilation and noninvasive continuous positive airway pressure in the acute care setting

Keenan¹,

Sinuff²,

Burns³

et al. 2011

Canadian Medical Association Journal

325

202

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“…Conversely, although evidence supports a role for prophylactic application of NIV following tracheal extubation in high-risk patients, at least one-third of our respondents never apply NIV for this indication. [28][29][30][31] Our survey represents a systematic attempt to characterize mechanical ventilation discontinuation practices in Canada. With the goals of obtaining information regarding clinical practice and organizational aspects of weaning and tracheal extubation in our ICUs, we used a multimodal approach to identify RTs and Critical Care Site physicians in leadership roles at teaching hospitals across Canada.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Weaning critically ill adults from invasive mechanical ventilation: a national survey

Burns

Lellouche²,

Slutsky

et al. 2009

Can J Anesth/J Can Anesth

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Purpose To determine the stated practices of clinicians in weaning critically ill adults from invasive ventilation. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional, self-administered postal survey of Critical Care physicians and respiratory therapists (RTs) in leadership roles at Canadian teaching hospitals. We identified respondents using electronic mail and telephone correspondence. We used rigorous survey methodology to develop, test, and administer the questionnaire.Results One hundred ten of 162 (67.9%) clinicians returned the survey with 99 respondents (55 physicians and 44 RTs) completing it either in-part or in-full. Approximately 95% of respondents acknowledged ever performing spontaneous breathing trials (SBTs) in clinical practice. Of these, 95.6% and 32% of respondents reported conducting daily and twice-daily screening to identify SBT candidates, at least sometimes. The three most common techniques to conduct SBTs included; pressure support (PS) with positive end-expiratory pressure (70.8%), continuous positive airway pressure (35.7%), and use of a T-piece (25.0%). PS ventilation was the weaning strategy used most frequently before SBTs. Most respondents (57.1%) considered continuous infusion of sedative-hypnotics to be a relative contraindication to tracheal extubation. However, concurrent administration of low dose vasopressors, inotropes, and analgesic boluses, or continuous analgesic infusions were considered acceptable amongst 60.8%, 73.2%, 78.4% -009-9124-8 and 58.8% of respondents, respectively. We did not observe regional variation in whether clinicians ever perform SBTs, the ventilatory modes used prior to an SBT nor in the use of PS and SBTs during the weaning process. Conclusions Pressure support and SBTs are common features of weaning in Canadian teaching hospitals. Compared to the published literature, our survey suggests that weaning practices have evolved over time and that practice variation may be greater on an international level compared to a national level.123 Can J Anesth/J Can Anesth (2009) 56:567-576 DOI 10.1007/s12630 RésuméObjectif De´terminer les pratiques de´clare´es des cliniciens concernant le sevrage des patients adultes gravement malades de la ventilation invasive. Méthode Nous avons re´alise´un sondage transversal, auto-administre´et envoye´par courrier aupre`s des me´decins des soins critiques et des inhalothe´rapeutes occupant des positions de leadership dans les hôpitaux d'enseignement canadiens. Nous avons identifie´les re´pondants a`l'aide de correspondance par courrier e´lectronique et par te´le´phone. Nous avons utilise´une me´thodologie de sondage rigoureuse afin d'e´laborer, de tester et d'administrer le questionnaire. Résultats Sur un total de 162 cliniciens, 110 (67,9%) ont renvoye´le questionnaire; 99 re´pondants (55 me´decins et 44 inhalothe´rapeutes) ont comple´te´le questionnaire en entier ou en partie. Environ 95 % des re´pondants ont reconnu qu'ils re´alisaient des tests de ventilation spontane´e (TVS) dans leur pratique clinique. Parmi ceux-ci, 9...

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Nasal-Continuous Positive Airway Pressure Reduces Pulmonary Morbidity and Length of Hospital Stay Following Thoracoabdominal Aortic Surgery

Cited by 165 publications

References 20 publications

Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome and Perioperative Complications: A Systematic Review of the Literature

Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome and Perioperative Complications: A Systematic Review of the Literature

Clinical practice guidelines for the use of noninvasive positive-pressure ventilation and noninvasive continuous positive airway pressure in the acute care setting

Weaning critically ill adults from invasive mechanical ventilation: a national survey

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