2017
DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00584.2016
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Nasal high flow reduces dead space

Abstract: Clearance of expired air in upper airways by nasal high flow (NHF) can be extended below the soft palate and de facto causes a reduction of dead space. Using scintigraphy, the authors found a relationship between NHF, time, and clearance. Direct measurement of CO2 and O2 in the trachea confirmed a reduction of rebreathing, providing the actual data on inspired gases, and this can be used for the assessment of other forms of respiratory support.

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Cited by 199 publications
(179 citation statements)
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“…They observed decreased peak expiratory flow assessed by EIT, potentially reflecting improvement of dynamic lung compliance under HFNC compared to standard oxygen. Otherwise, the high-flow rate of gas continuously delivered may flush upper airways, generating a washout of dead space and then flushing carbon dioxide out (23,24). This effect associated with mechanically improved of thoracic properties results in reduced inspiratory effort and minute ventilation requirement (Figure 1).…”
Section: Ventilatory Supportmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…They observed decreased peak expiratory flow assessed by EIT, potentially reflecting improvement of dynamic lung compliance under HFNC compared to standard oxygen. Otherwise, the high-flow rate of gas continuously delivered may flush upper airways, generating a washout of dead space and then flushing carbon dioxide out (23,24). This effect associated with mechanically improved of thoracic properties results in reduced inspiratory effort and minute ventilation requirement (Figure 1).…”
Section: Ventilatory Supportmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Reduced dead space ventilation and thus reduced rebreathing of expired air in a flow-dependent manner is another benefit that is attributed to high gas flow that is delivered by this device, as demonstrated in studies using upper airway models as well as on healthy volunteers [11,12]. The mechanism differs between sleep and awake states, because of different ventilatory responses to NHF in each state.…”
Section: Mechanisms Of Actionmentioning
confidence: 95%
“…Even without lung expansion, oxygen diffusion from the alveoli to the capillaries decreases alveolar pressure, and by increasing pharyngeal oxygen content a flow of air is generated from the pharynx to the distal airway, which is called apnoeic oxygenation [61]. High flow rates with NHF create a great oxygen reservoir in nasopharyngeal area, which together with carbon dioxide elimination by flushing of the dead space [11,12] and the generated CPAP [3][4][5][6][7][8] make NHF a promising oxygenation device in the peri-intubation period, which maintains oxygenation without a rapid and dangerous rise in carbon dioxide concentration [62].…”
Section: No Benefitmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Die HFNC befreit die oberen Atemwege von Exspirationsluft, verringert den Totraum [5,6] und reduziert zugleich die Atemarbeit und den PaCO 2 [7]. Das HFT-System hingegen stellt im Vergleich zur HFNC einen offeneren Kreislauf der In- und Exspiration her.…”
Section: Diskussionunclassified