Nasal Natural Killer/T Cell Lymphoma

Abstract

Nasal natural killer/T cell lymphomas are locally destructive mid-facial necrotizing lesions. It is an uncommon disease but, usually shows a highly aggressive clinical course. Amongst the sino-nasal lymphomas, it is the most common type. The non-specific clinical features constitute a major stumbling block in the early diagnosis and management of these lymphomas. We report here a case of nasal NK/T cell lymphoma in a 23-year old male with review of literature.

Prognostic impact of absolute lymphocyte count/absolute monocyte count ratio and prognostic score in patients with nasal-type, extranodal natural killer/T-cell lymphoma

“…All the cases were required to meet the following criteria: (1) pathologically and immunohistochemically ascertained diagnosis of ENKTL, according to the WHO classification; 27 (2) no previous antitumor treatment; (3) no evidence of previous or attendant malignancies; and (4) sufficient clinical and laboratory data in the process of follow-up. Patients with negative EpsteinBarr virus (EBV) in situ hybridization, blastic NK-cell lymphoma/leukemia, aggressive NK-cell lymphoma/leukemia, and other subtypes of T-cell lymphomas were excluded.…”

Nasal-type extranodal T-cell/NK lymphoma in association with hemophagocytic syndrome

“…According to the WHO-EORTC primary cutaneous lymphoma classification, revised in 2008, extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma, nasal type is a clinically aggressive lymphoma from natural killer cells (NK) or, more rarely, from cytotoxic T lymphocytes. 2 , 5 It typically affects the nasal and paranasal regions, but it can also affect the lungs, gastrointestinal tract, testicles, kidneys, pancreas, central nervous system and skin, 2 - 6 the latter being the second most commonly involved area after the nasal cavity. 2 , 3 Cutaneous lesions can also be similar to those seen in mycosis fungoides.…”

“…Because of its aggressiveness and local destruction, it was historically known as “lethal midline granuloma”, together with conditions that affect the central region of the face, such as Wegener’s granulomatosis and tegumentary leishmaniasis. 1 , 2 Symptoms are non-specific in the majority of cases and the clinical picture unfolds with rhinorrhea, nasal obstruction and epistaxis, mimicking an upper airway infection. 1 , 2 With the progression of the disease, extensive necrotic areas develop, and the prognosis becomes poor, with low survival.…”

“… 1 , 2 Symptoms are non-specific in the majority of cases and the clinical picture unfolds with rhinorrhea, nasal obstruction and epistaxis, mimicking an upper airway infection. 1 , 2 With the progression of the disease, extensive necrotic areas develop, and the prognosis becomes poor, with low survival. 1 , 2 The hemophagocytic syndrome, characterized by the activation of the mononuclear phagocyte system, can overlap, leading to even more unfavorable outcomes.…”

“… 1 , 2 With the progression of the disease, extensive necrotic areas develop, and the prognosis becomes poor, with low survival. 1 , 2 The hemophagocytic syndrome, characterized by the activation of the mononuclear phagocyte system, can overlap, leading to even more unfavorable outcomes.…”