Nasal obstruction and rhinorrhea reflect nonspecific nasal hyper-reactivity as evaluated by cold dry air provocation

Abstract

VAS scores for nasal obstruction, rhinorrhea, and sneezing were significantly higher in groups A and B than in group C before and after CDA provocation. Change of nasal obstruction and rhinorrhea was significantly larger in group A compared with group B or C. There were also significant differences in the amount of rhinorrhea between groups. All these parameters significantly correlated with the change of MCA values after CDA provocation.

Cold dry air provocation is a reliable diagnostic tool in nonallergic rhinitis

“…Nasal congestion might be associated with the turbinate swelling, and rhinorrhea with increased nasal secretion. The result was partly consistent with previous studies (16,21,22,24) . Sneezing is considered to be an irrelevant nasal symptom in most studies, which was in accordance with our findings.…”

Nasal Provocation Test Using Allergen Extract versus Cold Dry Air Provocation Test: Which and When?

“…11 In our previous study, we indicated that changes in nasal obstruction and rhinorrhea were more important in evaluation of NHR using CDA provocation machinery. 12…”

“…Although earlier researchers studying CDA had adopted ~10°C, as a result of our several studies, we have shown that 0°C air was equally efficient for evaluation of NHR with less discomfort for patients. 7–9,12…”

“…11 In our previous study, we indicated that changes in nasal obstruction and rhinorrhea were more important in evaluation of NHR using CDA provocation machinery. 12 To evaluate NHR itself, regardless of the presence of allergy, we grouped all healthy volunteers and patients again according to their self-report of subjective hyperresponsiveness to cold air. Therefore, we could observe that there was a substantial overlap between patients with allergic or nonallergic rhinitis in terms of CDA response.…”

“…Although earlier researchers studying CDA had adopted Ϫ10°C, as a result of our several studies, we have shown that 0°C air was equally efficient for evaluation of NHR with less discomfort for patients. [7][8][9]12 One pitfall of our study is the small size of each group (ϳ20 patients in each group). Although we have developed CDA machinery and performed it in Ͼ300 patients, we excluded many patients for the homogeneity.…”