Nasopharyngeal Hib Carriage Among Healthy Children Attending Daycare Centers in Yokohama After One Year of a Publicly Funded Vaccine Program

Saito, Ayako; Sumita, Hiroko; Minohara, Yutaka; Fujita, Shinji; Yazaki, Shigeyoshi; Kitamura, Miyoshi; Kawai, Shigehiko; Kamata, Kazumi; Oota, Yoshimi; Yamada, Mikiko; Matsumoto, Yuko; Takeyasu, N

doi:10.11150/kansenshogakuzasshi.89.30

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 10 publications

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“…This is similar to reports from other developing countries in CDC reports (0.5%-3%) [7]. This prevalence is higher than the Hib colonization rate in some developed countries such as Canada [19], UK [13], Japan [20], and Brazil [21] after vaccination (0%-1.5%) [21]. In these countries following the introduction of routine immunization of infants with Hib conjugate vaccines, the carrier rate has reduced dramatically, in both vaccinated and unvaccinated children due to the herd effect [22].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Effect of Haemophilus influenzae Type b Vaccination on Nasopharyngeal Carriage Rate in Children, Tehran, 2019

Tabatabaei

Mohammadzadeh

Zahraei

et al. 2021

BioMed Research International

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Background. Haemophilus influenzae (H. influenzae) strains, which commonly reside as commensals within the human pharynx and can remain as an asymptomatic carrier, but become invasive leading to pneumonia, septic arthritis, or meningitis. The Pentavac (pentavalent vaccine, manufactured by India, SII (DTwP-HepB-Hib)) was introduced to the Iranian National Immunization Plan in November 2014. The aim of this study is to investigate H. influenzae type b (Hib) carrier rate among children under 6 years old in Tehran. Methods. This cross-sectional study was performed on 902 children including vaccinated/unvaccinated in the age of 6 months to 6 years, in Tehran. Sampling was performed from July 2019 to September 2019. Nasopharyngeal samples were taken from children by sterile swab. The PCR method was used to extract DNA. Then, all H. influenzae isolates were initially confirmed by molecular tests. BexA was used to distinguish typeable H. influenzae strains from nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi). Results. A total of 902 children were enrolled in the study: 452 were female (51%). H. influenzae carriage rate was 267 (29%), of that 150 samples (16.6%) were typeable. The nasopharyngeal Hib carrier rate in the children was 2.6% (24/902). 262 cases did not receive Hib vaccine. Analysis in nonnursery’s children aged 4 to 6 (unvaccinated) years showed that the lower educational level of father, mother, and family number correlated with increased odds of colonization of children with Hib. Conclusion. Our findings showed a significant decrease (60%) in the overall Hib nasopharyngeal carriage in healthy children under six years after 5 years after the start of Hib vaccination.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Effect of Haemophilus influenzae Type b Vaccination on Nasopharyngeal Carriage Rate in Children, Tehran, 2019

Tabatabaei

Mohammadzadeh

Zahraei

et al. 2021

BioMed Research International

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Public subsidies and the recommendation of child vaccines among primary care physicians: a nationwide cross-sectional study in Japan

et al. 2018

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ObjectiveAlthough public subsidies and physician recommendations for vaccination play key roles in increasing childhood vaccination coverage, the association between them remains uncertain. This study aimed to identify the association between awareness of public subsidies and recommendations for Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib), Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV)) and human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccinations among primary care physicians in Japan.DesignThis is a cross-sectional study.SettingIn 2012, a questionnaire was distributed among 3000 randomly selected physicians who were members of the Japan Primary Care Association.ParticipantsFrom the questionnaire, participants were limited to physicians who administered childhood vaccinations.Primary and secondary outcome measuresThe primary measures were participants’ awareness of public subsidies and their recommendation levels for Hib, PCV and HPV vaccines. Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to investigate the association between awareness and recommendation, with adjustment for possible confounders.ResultsThe response rate was 25.8% (743/2880). Of 743 physician respondents, 434 were included as analysis subjects. The proportions of those who recommended vaccinations were 57.1% for Hib, 54.1% for PCV and 58.1% for HPV. For each vaccine, multivariable analyses showed physicians who were aware of the subsidy were more likely to recommend vaccination than those who were not aware: the adjusted ORs were 4.21 (95% CI 2.47 to 7.15) for Hib, 4.96 (95% CI 2.89 to 8.53) for PCV and 4.17 (95% CI 2.00 to 8.70) for HPV.ConclusionsPrimary care physicians’ awareness of public subsidies was found to be associated with their recommendations for the Hib, PCV and HPV vaccines. Provision of information about public subsidies to these physicians may increase their likelihood to recommend vaccination.

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Nasopharyngeal Hib Carriage Among Healthy Children Attending Daycare Centers in Yokohama After One Year of a Publicly Funded Vaccine Program

Cited by 2 publications

References 10 publications

Effect of Haemophilus influenzae Type b Vaccination on Nasopharyngeal Carriage Rate in Children, Tehran, 2019

Effect of Haemophilus influenzae Type b Vaccination on Nasopharyngeal Carriage Rate in Children, Tehran, 2019

Public subsidies and the recommendation of child vaccines among primary care physicians: a nationwide cross-sectional study in Japan

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