Nation‐dyadic history and cross‐border corporate deals: Role of conflict, trade, generational distance, and professional education

Arikan, Ilgaz; Arikan, Asli M.; Shenkar, Oded

doi:10.1002/smj.3046

Cited by 41 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 115 publications

(114 reference statements)

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“…For instance, we found that it was important to acknowledge the key role of the leadership transition in China in the early 2010s and its attendant policy changes, which led to significant shifts in the strategies followed not only by Chinese MNEs, but also other firms as they reacted to changes in the competitive landscape. As our findings revealed a complex pattern of competition and cooperation between developing country and developed country MNEs, more research is needed to understand the firm‐level implications of increasingly complex—and in some cases, conflictual—relationships between these nations (Arikan, Arikan, & Shenkar, 2020).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Avoid, acquiesce … or engage? New insights from sub‐Saharan Africa on MNE strategies for managing corruption

Stevens

Newenham‐Kahindi

2020

Strategic Management Journal

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Research summary Many questions remain about how MNEs manage corruption. Moreover, what is known derives largely from the perspective and experiences of developed country MNEs. To address this limitation, we compare developed country and developing country MNEs' approaches for managing corruption in sub‐Saharan Africa. Through an inductive, qualitative research design, we discover how and why firms engage in “avoidance” and “acquiescence” strategies. We also uncover a novel “engagement” strategy pioneered by developing country firms that involves such tactics as finding innovative substitutes for corrupt activities, leveraging partnerships with governments and other firms, and forming deeper, long‐term relationships in the host country. These findings suggest that MNEs have more room for active agency and more proactive strategies for managing corruption than has typically been assumed in the literature. Managerial summary Multinational firms face challenges in host countries where corruption is common, due to concerns that they will need to engage in corrupt acts in order to survive. Some respond by simply not operating in these countries, while others fall into the trap of engaging in illicit activities. We consider an alternative perspective: that firms may use deeper positive engagement with the host country to reduce pressures to engage in corruption, by building their popular acceptance and strengthening their bargaining power. Although we find that this “engagement” approach was first used by developing country firms, developed country firms have also begun using this strategy. The logic underlying this approach can help managers succeed abroad while reducing the need to get their hands dirty in the process.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Avoid, acquiesce … or engage? New insights from sub‐Saharan Africa on MNE strategies for managing corruption

Stevens

Newenham‐Kahindi

2020

Strategic Management Journal

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“…Hence, one can label someone’s age as young, adolescent, or old, but much information is lost in categorization as a substitute for the actual number. IB research needs to acknowledge that countries do not have to transition into Western capitalism and that every nation is on a different evolutionary path and has a trajectory for growth (Arikan, Arikan, & Shenkar, 2020 ). IB research is interested in bilateral and multilateral interactions between nations that are on different evolutionary paths and growth trajectories; we should not allow parsimony to exceed its usefulness threshold and become an obstacle to such observation and analysis.…”

Section: Neglected Audiences and Actorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Such generalizations unnecessarily oversimplify complex systems with many variables across societies. In any society, multiple generations of individuals have been educated, conditioned, and socialized to conform to specific norms (Arikan et al, 2020 ). Societies have collective memories, but people’s interpretations of historical events will vary across societies even though people share many aspects of the same culture.…”

Section: Neglected Audiences and Actorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neglected elements: What we should cover more of in international business research

Arikan

Shenkar

2021

J Int Bus Stud

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“…For example, de Melo and Robinson (1990) develop a model of such a process and find that export externalities, in a computable general equilibrium model calibrated to the typical developing country experiencing export-led growth, that policies that support export externalities yield significant growth effects. 4 The potential gains from liberalization strategy and the successful nurturing of infant industries by selective protection and subsequent export policies must be qualified in one important dimension. If developing countries as a group open up, there is every reason to believe that their terms of trade will be adversely affected.…”

Section: What Remains Of the Case For Protection?mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Case for Trade Liberalization in Developing Countries

Dornbusch¹

2018

Modern Political Economy and Latin America

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I n a broad swing of the pendulum, developing countries have been shifting from severe and destructive protection to free trade fever. Many of the notable examples are in Latin America. Mexico, after a major unilateral trade liberalization, is now negotiating a free trade agreement with Canada and the United States; Chile, traditionally a highly protected country, is a leading example of reducing trade barriers; Argentina and Brazil have entered free trade agreements. A free trade area for the Americas is becoming a serious possibility. The enthusiasm for more openness of the economy is not limited to Latin America; for example, Korea and Turkey are cases of highly successful liberalization. There are also cases in Africa-for example, Ghana and Botswana-to demonstrate the possibility and the benefits of opening up. This new enthusiasm for freer trade stems from four overlapping sources: Anti-statism. The world has seen a broad intellectual swing away from emphasizing the beneficial role of the state in the 1980s, and protection is seen as one of the manifestations of an overly intrusive state. Of course, a shift to a liberal trade regime has not always been the by-product of a more democratic society: Chile under Pinochet or Korea in its liberalizing phase were under authoritarian rule. "Two cheers for the market, but not three," the saying goes; today the market gets at least three cheers, which may be at least one too many. Poor economic performance. Many developing countries have suffered dismal economic performance and declining productive potential. Much of the reason can be traced to populist macroeconomic policies that engendered debt crises and hyperinflation. Of course, part of the reason was also a very adverse external environment. But since the days of plentiful external credit are gone,

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Nation‐dyadic history and cross‐border corporate deals: Role of conflict, trade, generational distance, and professional education

Cited by 41 publications

References 115 publications

Avoid, acquiesce … or engage? New insights from sub‐Saharan Africa on MNE strategies for managing corruption

Avoid, acquiesce … or engage? New insights from sub‐Saharan Africa on MNE strategies for managing corruption

Neglected elements: What we should cover more of in international business research

The Case for Trade Liberalization in Developing Countries

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