National and Ethnic Enclaves in the Modern World: Nature, Regulatory Instruments (Public Law Aspect). Part 2

Abstract

As part of the study, the author has carried out the analysis of the problems of the risks of emergence of enclaves and defined the immanent threats, including enclavization (the phenomenon of “proto-enclave”) of the territories of some of the largest Russian urban agglomerations. The paper explores actual public law approaches to preventing the formation of national-ethnic enclaves in the Russian Federation (at national and regional levels of legal regulation) and suggests proposals for optimizing relevant approaches. The author substantiates the necessity of developing a comprehensive federal strategy of a framework nature covering the issues of spatial development, economy, social sphere, migration, demography, interethnic, interfaith, cultural policy. In order to implement a dispersed method of national-ethnic groups resettlement, based on the study of the experience of Sweden and Denmark, a position is argued about the rationality of expanding the scope of powers of local governments in the field of registration of migrants, normative fixation of the possibility of migrants living within specific municipalities (several specific municipalities). The author proposes to create unified centers for the distribution (location) of migrants, authorized to issue referrals to work in specific municipalities, taking into account their requests (needs) for a given workforce and reasons for the impossibility of attracting citizens of the Russian Federation living within specific municipalities to the relevant vacancies. Attention is drawn to the need to develop an integrated information resource on vacancies for migrants and on housing options available to them. The author emphasizes the importance of raising the qualification (competence) requirements for the profession and education of migrants, their relationship with integration of migrants into the host community, minimizing the risks of radicalization of the socio-cultural environment of migrant groups.