National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health General Industry Occupational Exposure Databases: Their Structure, Capabilities, and Limitations

Greife, Alice; Young, Randy; Carroll, Mary; Sieber, William K.; Pedersen, David; Sundin, David S.; Seta, Joe

doi:10.1080/1047322x.1995.10389034

Cited by 11 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…2 classification. 16 A similar database is available for the US: NOES (National Occupational Exposure Survey), 17 containing, besides carcinogens, also other occupational exposures, and providing statistics for two-digit 1972 SIC codes.…”

Section: Occupational Exposure Databasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The use of occupation and industry classifications in general population studies

Mannetje¹,

Kromhout²

2003

International Journal of Epidemiology

135

103

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Occupation and industry classifications categorize occupations and industries into clearly defined groups. As such they provide a common basis for collecting, presenting, and comparing of labour statistics. Occupational classifications group people based on job and tasks performed, and are commonly used in sociology and population studies. Industry classifications group people based on the sector of economic activity in which they are employed and are mainly used for economic analysis.Although not primarily developed for use in epidemiological studies, occupation classifications, and to a lesser extent industry classifications, are often used in this field. Population-based epidemiological studies frequently include questions about job title and specific tasks, after which the information is coded using either national or international classifications.Reviewing the literature in the British Medical Journal, American Journal of Epidemiology, and International Journal of Epidemiology (published between 1995 and2000) indicated that information on occupation in epidemiological studies (n = 129), was mostly used as an indicator for social class (38%). In 27% of the studies, occupation was studied directly in relation to disease, and in 24% occupation was used to infer occupational exposure. In the remaining 11% of the studies occupation was treated as a confounding factor or used to describe the study population.Although widely applied in epidemiological studies, only limited methodological information is available on the use of job and industry classifications. The lack of a theoretical basis may hamper full exploitation of occupation information within epidemiology and limits the potential to optimize its reliability.In this paper we review the potential for occupation and industry classifications in epidemiology. The main classifications available are reviewed and different methods for coding occupation and industry are discussed. In addition, we will address issues of reliability of the coding process. Options for analysis Labour statisticsFor population-based studies, a classification can be used to describe the occupational profile of the study sample, which subsequently can be compared with that of the national population from which the study sample is drawn. Occupation and industry classifications are used in epidemiological studies to classify study subjects according to their job and subsequently to study risk by job, to infer social class indicators, or to infer exposure to specific agents through job-exposure matrices. However, documentation on methodological aspects concerning the use of occupation and industry classifications is sparse within epidemiology. This paper reviews the diverse applications of occupation and industry classifications in population-based epidemiological studies. The different classifications in use are discussed, and criteria are given for choosing a classification in an epidemiological study. Finally, the reliability of coding for occupation and industry is reviewed. A further ...

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Section: Occupational Exposure Databasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The advantages and limitations of these databases have been discussed 15,17 and data collection methods need to be considered when using the databases.…”

Section: Occupational Exposure Databasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The use of occupation and industry classifications in general population studies

Mannetje¹,

Kromhout²

2003

International Journal of Epidemiology

135

103

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…(22) The continuing calls for a national data bank also have raised awareness of the potential biases in the databases maintained by governmental agencies and the fact that they capture only a small fraction of all collected exposure data. (9,22,(28)(29)(30) Interest in improving the electronic accessibility and utilization of occupational exposure data has grown steadily since the late 1980s. (7,(31)(32)(33)(34) In 1994 the first conference devoted to occupational exposure databases reviewed progress to date in the area, published a comprehensive proceedings document, (1) and developed working groups to follow up on the issues raised and recommendations generated.…”

Section: History Of Exposure Database Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exposure Databases and Exposure Surveillance: Promise and Practice

LaMontagne

Herrick²,

Dyke³

et al. 2002

AIHA Journal

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Based on recent developments in occupational health and a review of industry practices, it is argued that integrated exposure database and surveillance systems hold considerable promise for improving workplace health and safety. A foundation from which to build practical and effective exposure surveillance systems is proposed based on the integration of recent developments in electronic exposure databases, the codification of exposure assessment practice, and the theory and practice of public health surveillance. The merging of parallel, but until now largely separate, efforts in these areas into exposure surveillance systems combines unique strengths from each subdiscipline. The promise of exposure database and surveillance systems, however, is yet to be realized. Exposure surveillance practices in general industry are reviewed based on the published literature as well as an Internet survey of three prominent industrial hygiene e-mail lists. Although the benefits of exposure surveillance are many, relatively few organizations use electronic exposure databases, and even fewer have active exposure surveillance systems. Implementation of exposure databases and surveillance systems can likely be improved by the development of systems that are more responsive to workplace or organizational-level needs. An overview of exposure database software packages provides guidance to readers considering the implementation of commercially available systems. Strategies for improving the implementation of exposure database and surveillance systems are outlined. A companion report in this issue on the development and pilot testing of a workplace-level exposure surveillance system concretely illustrates the application of the conceptual framework proposed.

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“…Merece la pena mencionar las enormes bases de datos empíricas de exposiciones y factores condicionantes recopiladas por el Instituto Nacional de Seguridad y Salud Ocupacional (National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health, NIOSH) de los Estados Unidos (31)(32)(33)(34). Llegado el caso, dichas bases de datos podrían transformarse en matrices de exposición.…”

Section: Determinación Del Historial De Exposiciónunclassified

Determinación del historial de exposiciones en la epidemiolgía ocupacional

Espinosa¹,

Partanen²,

Piñeros³

et al. 2005

Rev Panam Salud Publica

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La validez de los indicadores de exposición es una condición necesaria en epidemiología si se han de obtener resultados válidos en la medición de los riesgos asociados con la exposición a agentes nocivos en el entorno laboral. Sin embargo, llevar a cabo la validación de estos indica Las matrices contienen datos agrupados y, por consiguiente, pueden llevar a errores a la hora de clasificar las exposiciones individuales e introducir sesgos en la estimación de los riesgos. La evaluación por expertos es probablemente el método con el índice de validez más alto, pero puede entrañar costos muy altos en el caso de estudios de cierta magnitud. Otra posibilidad con buenas perspectivas es la de utilizar un modelo formal para evaluar las exposiciones patentes y mejorarlo mediante la evaluación por expertos en situaciones en las cuales los resultados del modelo parezcan alejarse de la realidad.Exposición ocupacional, epidemiología/métodos, medición de riesgo, riesgos laborales. RESUMENLos métodos que permiten determinar el historial de exposición individual están adquiriendo cada vez más importancia en la epidemiología ocupacional para la cuantificación fiable de asociaciones entre las exposiciones reales y los parámetros de salud y en-

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National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health General Industry Occupational Exposure Databases: Their Structure, Capabilities, and Limitations

Cited by 11 publications

References 3 publications

The use of occupation and industry classifications in general population studies

The use of occupation and industry classifications in general population studies

Exposure Databases and Exposure Surveillance: Promise and Practice

Determinación del historial de exposiciones en la epidemiolgía ocupacional

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