National Trachoma Assessment in the Lao People’s Democratic Republic in 2013–2014

Southisombath, Khamphoua; Sisalermsak, Siphet; Chansan, Phonesavanh; Akkhavong, K.; Phommala, Soulasay; Lewallen, Susan; Courtright, Paul; Solomon, Anthony W.

doi:10.1080/09286586.2016.1236973

Cited by 12 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…The prevalence of active trachoma eye infection in this study (1.3%) was lower than the one found by a longitudinal study conducted in rural Ethiopian schools, in which 15% of the students had the disease before intervention and 6.7% after intervention (p<0.001) [14]. This finding is comparable with 0.2% to 2.2% prevalence in Lao People's Democratic Republic [17]. It was lower than the prevalence of 22.16% in Shandong Province in China [18], 5% prevalence in Brazil and Australian studies [19,20].…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 52%

Prevalence and Factors Associated with Trachoma among Primary School Children in Harari Region, Eastern Ethiopia

Assefa

Roba

Abdosh

et al. 2017

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Introduction: Trachoma is the leading infectious cause of blindness worldwide. It is more common in areas where people are socio-economically deprived. Although trachoma is endemic in 571 districts in Ethiopia, its prevalence has not been studied among school children in Harari Region. Objective: To assess the prevalence of trachoma eye infection and factors associated with it among Grades 1-8 schoolchildren in Harari Region, from November 30, 2015 to April 29, 2016. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was done on 1722 students selected from four primary schools. Data were collected using WHO simplified trachoma grading scheme and analysed by SPSS Version 16. The factors influencing the outcome variable were identified via Logistic Regression, and predictors through Odds Ratio and the corresponding confidence intervals. Results: The overall prevalence of trachoma was 1.3% (22/1722) in which 14 had Trachoma Follicular and 8 had both Trachoma Follicular and Trachoma Intense. Unclean face (AOR 3.4,

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 52%

Prevalence and Factors Associated with Trachoma among Primary School Children in Harari Region, Eastern Ethiopia

Assefa

Roba

Abdosh

et al. 2017

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“…[20][21][22][23][24][25][26] Due to a paucity of cases of active trachoma, our graders did not undertake live subject inter-grader agreement exercises to qualify for survey deployment, but were instead assessed using a standard set of 50 conjunctival photographs. During the GTMP, Lao PDR 27 and Cambodia 28 circumvented a similar lack of local cases by sending trainee graders to Ethiopia for field training and certification, but this was not possible for Viet Nam. It is possible that this lack of live-subject testing makes our data less accurate.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trachoma in Viet Nam: results of 11 surveillance surveys conducted with the Global Trachoma Mapping Project

Hiep

Ngondi

Anh

et al. 2018

Ophthalmic Epidemiology

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Purpose: Following interventions against trachoma in Viet Nam, impact surveys conducted in 2003-2011 suggested that trachoma was no longer a public health problem. In 2014, we undertook surveillance surveys to estimate prevalence of trachomatous inflammation-follicular (TF) and trichiasis. Methods: A population-based prevalence survey was undertaken in 11 evaluation units (EUs) encompassing 24 districts, using Global Trachoma Mapping Project methods. A two-stage cluster sampling design was used in each EU, whereby 20 clusters and 60 children per cluster were sampled. Consenting eligible participants (children aged 1-9 years and adults aged ≥50 years) were examined for trachoma. Results: A total of 9391 households were surveyed, and 20,185 participants (98.8% of those enumerated) were examined for trachoma. EU-level TF prevalence in 1-9-year-olds ranged from 0% to 1.6%. In one cluster (in Hà Giang Province), the percentage of children with TF was 10.3%. The overall pattern of cluster-level percentages of children with TF, however, was consistent with an exponential distribution, which would be consistent with trachoma disappearing. Among people aged ≥50 years, prevalence of trichiasis by EU ranged from 0% to 0.75%; these estimates are equivalent to 0-0.13% in all ages. The prevalence of trichiasis unknown to the health system among people aged ≥50 years, by EU, ranged from 0% to 0.17%, which is equivalent to 0-0.03% in all ages. Conclusion: Findings suggest that trachoma is no longer a public health problem in any of the 11 EUs surveyed. However, given the high proportion of children with TF in one cluster in Hà Giang Province, further investigations will be undertaken.

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“…(A similar compromise has been reached elsewhere. 26,27 ) This produced a total of 43 EUs (Table 1). In each of these, a separate EU-level survey was planned and commenced.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Trachoma in Pakistan: Results of 42 Population-Based Prevalence Surveys from the Global Trachoma Mapping Project

Khan

Florea

Hussain

et al. 2020

Ophthalmic Epidemiology

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Purpose: Previous phases of trachoma mapping in Pakistan completed baseline surveys in 38 districts. To help guide national trachoma elimination planning, we set out to estimate trachoma prevalence in 43 suspected-endemic evaluation units (EUs) of 15 further districts. Methods: We planned a population-based trachoma prevalence survey in each EU. Two-stage cluster sampling was employed, using the systems and approaches of the Global Trachoma Mapping Project. In each EU, residents aged ≥1 year living in 30 households in each of 26 villages were invited to be examined by trained, certified trachoma graders. Questionnaires and direct observation were used to evaluate household-level access to water and sanitation. Results: One EU was not completed due to insecurity. Of the remaining 42, three EUs had trichiasis prevalence estimates in ≥15-year-olds ≥0.2%, and six (different) EUs had prevalence estimates of trachomatous inflammation-follicular (TF) in 1-9-year-olds ≥5%; each EU requires trichiasis and TF prevalence estimates below these thresholds to achieve elimination of trachoma as a public health problem. All six EUs with TF prevalences ≥5% were in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province. Household-level access to improved sanitation ranged by EU from 6% to 100%. Household-level access to an improved source of water for face and hand washing ranged by EU from 37% to 100%. Conclusion: Trachoma was a public health problem in 21% (9/42) of the EUs. Because the current outbreak of extremely drug-resistant typhoid in Pakistan limits domestic use of azithromycin mass drug administration, other interventions against active trachoma should be considered here. ARTICLE HISTORY

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National Trachoma Assessment in the Lao People’s Democratic Republic in 2013–2014

Cited by 12 publications

References 3 publications

Prevalence and Factors Associated with Trachoma among Primary School Children in Harari Region, Eastern Ethiopia

Prevalence and Factors Associated with Trachoma among Primary School Children in Harari Region, Eastern Ethiopia

Trachoma in Viet Nam: results of 11 surveillance surveys conducted with the Global Trachoma Mapping Project

Prevalence of Trachoma in Pakistan: Results of 42 Population-Based Prevalence Surveys from the Global Trachoma Mapping Project

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