Nationality, Gender, Age, and Body Mass Index Influences on Vitamin D Concentration among Elderly Patients and Young Iraqi and Jordanian in Jordan

Abstract

Vitamin D is necessary for maintaining and regulating calcium levels; thus, insufficiency of vitamin D increases the risk of many chronic diseases. This study aimed to examine vitamin D levels among Jordanian and Iraqi volunteers and find the relation between vitamin D level and lipid profile patients. Vitamin D levels were evaluated using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. For young healthy group subjects, vitamin D levels were 20.60 ± 5.94 ng/mL for Jordanian and 27.59 ± 7.74 ng/mL for Iraqi. Vitamin D concentrations for young males and females were 25.82 ± 8.33 ng/mL and 21.95 ± 6.39 ng/mL, respectively. Females wearing hijab were 20.87 ± 6.45 ng/mL, while uncovered females were 23.55 ± 6.04 ng/mL. For >40 years Iraqi subjects, vitamin D level for healthy was 29.78 ± 9.49 ng/mL and 23.88 ± 7.93 ng/mL for hyperlipidemic subjects. Vitamin D levels for overweight and obese healthy groups were significantly higher (P < 0.050) than those for the hyperlipidemic patients groups. Vitamin D levels for males were significantly higher than females and were significantly higher for healthy than those hyperlipidemic Iraqi patients. These findings showed that vitamin D levels are affected by age, nationality, gender, and health statues and highlight the importance of vitamin D supplementation for groups with low levels particularly old, hijab wearing females, and hyperlipidemic groups.

The Role of Vitamin D in the Immune System as a Pro-survival Molecule

“…228 Despite the obvious sex-dependent differential availability and tissue distribution of vitamin D in the human body, 229 the efficacy of the administered burden of exogenous vitamin D also depends on body mass index, dietary habits, lifestyle, age, nationality, vitamin D 2 availability, VDR, and CYP polymorphisms. 230,231 Nutritional recommendations regarding vitamin D supplementation should take into account these issues. However, vitamin D should be considered in those populations confronting an immune challenge and/or nutritional starvation (eg, in pregnancy, infants, elderly, those with chronic illnesses).…”

Vitamin D levels in patients with recurrent aphthous stomatitis

“…Another finding of the present study is that male patients have higher serum vitamin D levels compared to female patients with recurrent aphthous stomatitis. There are conflicting results among the studies regarding vitamin D level differences by gender in the literature [ 23 , 24 ]. Al-Horani et al [ 23 ], found the serum vitamin D concentrations in young males and females were 25.82 ng/ml and 21.95 ng/mL, respectively.…”

The Relationship Between Serum 25 hydroxy Vitamin D Deficiency and Dietary Pattern in Baxshin Hospital, Sulaimani City

“…In Middle East countries, high variation in serum 25(OH)D levels was revealed. The lowest level of 3.6 ng/ml (9 nmol/L) was seen in a study conducted on older persons in Saudi Arabia [2]. Vitamin D is a prohormone that has a key role in calcium and phosphate balance and bone structure [3,4].…”

“…With all the medical advances of the century, vitamin D deficiency is as yet plagued. Over a billion people worldwide are vitamin D deficient or insufficient [2]. In Middle East countries, high variation in serum 25(OH)D levels was revealed.…”