Nationwide survey on the natural radionuclides in industrial raw minerals in South Korea

Chang, Byung-Uck; Koh, Sang‐Mo; Kim, Y.J.; Seo, Jong‐Su; Yoon, Y. Y.; Row, Jung-Whan; Lee, D.M.

doi:10.1016/j.jenvrad.2007.08.020

Cited by 35 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…The calculated median (range) of the concentrations in limestone are 16 Bq kg −1 (<45 Bq kg −1 ), ∼6 Bq kg −1 (<20 Bq kg −1 ), and 36 Bq kg −1 (<150 Bq kg −1 ) for 226 Ra, 232 Th, and 40 K, respectively. The present study and two other results (Chang et al 2008;Turhan 2008) provide the activity concentrations of 226 Ra, 232 Th, and 40 K in Kaolin. The three results are not in general agreement with each other.…”

Section: Concentrations Of Major and Trace Elements: Cement Plantsupporting

confidence: 56%

“…In addition, the activity concentrations of 226 Ra in Turkish coal are not in good agreement with each other (Varinlioğlu et al 1998;Öztürk and Özdoğan 2000). Results from South Africa (Font et al 1993;Duliu et al 2005;Chang et al 2008) are not in general agreement. The activity concentration of 40 K covered nearly two decades with the highest values from Romania (Duliu et al 2005) and South Africa (Chang et al 2008) followed by Italy (Borio et al 1985).…”

Section: Concentrations Of Major and Trace Elements: Cement Plantmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Results from South Africa (Font et al 1993;Duliu et al 2005;Chang et al 2008) are not in general agreement. The activity concentration of 40 K covered nearly two decades with the highest values from Romania (Duliu et al 2005) and South Africa (Chang et al 2008) followed by Italy (Borio et al 1985). The lowest activity concentration of 40 K was reported in Nigeria (Balogun et al 2003).…”

Section: Concentrations Of Major and Trace Elements: Cement Plantmentioning

confidence: 94%

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Assessment of elemental and NROM/TENORM hazard potential from non-nuclear industries in North Sinai, Egypt

Elmekawy

Badran

Seddeek

et al. 2015

Environ Monit Assess

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Non-nuclear industries use raw materials containing significant levels of naturally occurring radioactive material (NORM). The processing of these materials may expose workers engaged in or even people living near such sites to technologically enhanced naturally occurring radioactive material (TENORM) above the natural background. Inductively coupled plasma and gamma ray spectrometry have been used to determine major and trace elements and radionuclide concentrations in various samples, respectively, in order to investigate the environmental impact of coal mining and cement plant in North Sinai, Egypt. Generally, very little attention was directed to the large volumes of waste generated by either type of industrial activities. Different samples were analyzed including various raw materials, coal, charcoal, Portland and white cement, sludge, and wastes. Coal mine and cement plant workers dealing with waste and kaolin, respectively, are subjected to a relatively high annual effective dose. One of the important finding is the enhancement of all measured elements and radionuclides in the sludge found in coal mine. It may pose an environmental threat because of its large volume and its use as combustion material. The mine environment may have constituted Al, Fe, Cr, and V pollution source for the local area. Higher concentration of Al, Fe, Mn, B, Co, Cr, Mn, Ni, Sr, V, and TENORM were found in Portland cement and Zn in white cement. Coal has higher concentrations of Al, Fe, B, Co, Cr, and V as well as (226)Ra and (232)Th. The compiled results from the present study and different worldwide investigations demonstrate the obvious unrealistic ranges normally used for (226)Ra and (232)Th activity concentrations in coal and provided ranges for coal, Portland and white cement, gypsum, and limestone.

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Section: Concentrations Of Major and Trace Elements: Cement Plantsupporting

confidence: 56%

Section: Concentrations Of Major and Trace Elements: Cement Plantmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Concentrations Of Major and Trace Elements: Cement Plantmentioning

confidence: 94%

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Assessment of elemental and NROM/TENORM hazard potential from non-nuclear industries in North Sinai, Egypt

Elmekawy

Badran

Seddeek

et al. 2015

Environ Monit Assess

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“…Radon and its short-lived daughters are alpha emitters. They consequently become a major source of internal exposure of the respiratory tracts when inhaled (IPCS, 2000;Stoulos et al, 2003;Ferdoes et al, 2007), hence the call for the measurement and assessment of natural radionuclides in industrial raw minerals and construction materials worldwide (Stoulos et al, 2003;Turhan Seref, 2009;Ferdoes et al,2007;Chang et al, 2008;Abel-Ghany et al, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Radionuclide contents and radiological risk to the population due to raw minerals and soil samples from the mining sites of quality ceramic and pottery industries in Akwa Ibom, Nigeria

Jibiri

Esen

2011

Radioprotection

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Samples of domestically produced industrial raw minerals and soil samples from three mining sites of quality ceramic/smelting and pottery industries in Akwa Ibom, Nigeria, were collected and analyzed for their 226 K, respectively. These results, along with the estimated absorbed dose rates, annual effective dose rates, radium equivalent (Ra eq ), external hazard index (H ex ), internal hazard index (H in ) and representative of the gamma index (I γ r ) are presented. The results obtained were below the internationally accepted safe limits. Therefore, the analyzed samples could be used in the local industries in the area as component raw materials and/or as building materials. Also, the mining activities of these minerals in the area have not significantly affected the natural radiation dose levels in the area, hence the resulting dose to the population is therefore considered generally low.

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“…NORM stands for naturally occurring radioactive materials, which may contain any of the primordial radionuclides or radioactive elements as they occur in nature, such as uranium, thorium, their radioactive decay products, and potassium that are disturbed in the earth's crust in variable amounts [1]. Radiation levels presented by NORM are generally referred to as a component of "natural background radiation".…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hazard of NORM from phosphorite of Pakistan

Sabiha-Javied

Tufail

Asghar

2010

Journal of Hazardous Materials

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Nationwide survey on the natural radionuclides in industrial raw minerals in South Korea

Cited by 35 publications

References 6 publications

Assessment of elemental and NROM/TENORM hazard potential from non-nuclear industries in North Sinai, Egypt

Assessment of elemental and NROM/TENORM hazard potential from non-nuclear industries in North Sinai, Egypt

Radionuclide contents and radiological risk to the population due to raw minerals and soil samples from the mining sites of quality ceramic and pottery industries in Akwa Ibom, Nigeria

Hazard of NORM from phosphorite of Pakistan

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