Natural hazards and disasters around the Caspian Sea

Leroy, Suzanne A.G.; Gracheva, Raisa; Medvedev, Andrey

doi:10.1007/s11069-022-05522-5

Cited by 17 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…Simultaneously, an anthropogenic load on the Caspian region occurs against diverse natural (endogenous and exogenous) processes (Koriche et al, 2022). The first includes sea level variations (Serykh and Kostianoy, 2020), morpholithodynamic processes in the coastal zone (Gonikov, 2019), the occurrence of seismic events regularly (Leroy et al, 2022), storm surge phenomena (Serykh and Kostianoy, 2020), and mud volcanism (Farhadian Babadi et al, 2021). The general environmental status in the Caspian Sea basin was assessed as a precrisis towards the close of previous century, accompanied by a severe worsening of the sanitary-toxicological and fishing situations.…”

Section: Environmental Security In the Caspian Seamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The main sources of pollution in the Caspian natural environment are on land and offshore, oil transportation via sea, navigation over both rivers, operation of oil and gas wells, municipaldomestic wastewaters, discharge of untreated industrial and agricultural wastewaters, wash off with river flow, and transborder atmospheric and water transfer of pollutants from other regions (Barannik et al, 2004;Zonn, 2005;Nadim et al, 2006;Jafari, 2010;Haghighi and Kløve, 2018;Dero et al, 2020;Ragimova et al, 2020;Yekimov et al, 2021;Ghafourian and Sadeghzadeh, 2022). Furthermore, the southern and middle Caspian regions are vulnerable to significant geodynamic hazards, including seismicity (Leroy et al, 2022). Therefore, sharing the water quality issues and their potential remedial measures are relevant and intrinsic to improvising water governance and science-policy interface (Nadim et al, 2006;Pahl-wostl, 2019;Yekimov et al, 2021).…”

Section: Creating and Applying Knowledge Of All Kindsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A review of science–policy interface for water governance in the Caspian Sea

Bamal,

Moradian,

Torabi-Haghighi

et al. 2023

J. Arid Land

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Science and policy have been interlinked for decades and perform essential nexus conditions in the governing aspects of environmental scenarios. This review paper examines the present challenges in the science-policy interface in terms of water governance in the Caspian Sea and identifies effective conditions that may be used in the current context to enhance the mechanism. The evaluation of the science-policy link in the water policy of the Caspian Sea reveals a gap between knowledge producer and governance system, impeding the translation of scientific information into action. Complicated and context-dependent solutions make it challenging to establish effective science-policy processes in the Caspian Sea water governance settings. Establishing a common governing authority, implementing water and resource management regulations, and protecting the natural environment through legal frameworks are crucial steps to address these concerns and ensure sustainable development. Collaboration among coastal states is essential in environmental, economic, and social aspects of regional development. However, the lack of a comprehensive approach, coherent activities, and effective utilization of national and regional power has hindered efforts to halt the environmental degradation of the Caspian Sea. Local governments need to recognize their responsibility to protect and utilize the Caspian Sea for present and future generations, considering both environmental and human security. The interlinkage of the Caspian Sea water governance with the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) water governance principles offers a framework for policymakers to assess gaps and make necessary amendments to existing mechanisms. Effective science-policy interaction, engagement of diverse stakeholders, institutionalizing agreements, and addressing collective action issues are critical for successful water governance.

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Section: Environmental Security In the Caspian Seamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Creating and Applying Knowledge Of All Kindsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of science–policy interface for water governance in the Caspian Sea

Bamal,

Moradian,

Torabi-Haghighi

et al. 2023

J. Arid Land

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“…Impacts related to natural hazards are increasing and threatening globally. Tailings dam failures used to be considered rare events (Thompson et al, 2020;Leroy;Gracheva;Medvedev, 2022). However, in the last 20 years, the number of accidents has practically doubled around the world (Flanagan et al, 2011;Thompson et al, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social vulnerability to environmental disasters in the Paraopeba River Basin, Minas Gerais, Brazil

et al. 2023

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The increase in the number of environmental disasters, in recent years, has led to a reorientation of research and programs. This study proposes a set of 16 theoretically signi cant variables to measure and map vulnerability in Brazil, after about a major socioenvironmental disaster in Brazil, also considered one of the biggest in the world. They were grouped into three indicators, social, economic, and infrastructure aspects of the population, obtained from the Brazilian census database. The Córrego do Feijão tailings dam, in Brumadinho, and the Casa de Pedra tailings dam, in Congonhas were taken as case studies.The vulnerability of 48 municipalities and 3,732 census sectors from the Paraopeba River Watershed were explored from two different perspectives: where the disaster has already happened and where it could happen. The index and indicators used were developed in the open-source software and the maps in a geographic information system (SIG). The results show considerable variability. The most vulnerable municipalities are in the lower part of the watershed while the High Paraopeba region is less vulnerable. This paper presents methodological and empirical contributions of the social dimensions of vulnerability the preparation, response, and recovery of affected communities to environmental disasters.

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“…The data collected for mean and extreme characteristics of sea level and wind waves are needed for naval navigation, marine works, offshore and coastal facility construction works, exploration and extraction of minerals, coastal protection strategies, etc. Extreme wind waves and surges get an important place among the factors risk and hazards assessing [1,2]. Currently, the generally accepted method for evaluating level and wave parameters in oceans and seas is mathematical modeling.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It also means that almost the entire coast is subject to the influence of non-periodic anemobaric surges and oscillation levels. In the deeper central and southern parts of the Caspian Sea, a significant role in the wave development is determined by the meridional stretching of the basin; therefore, the wave development at the western and eastern wind directions is limited by a short fetch [1]. The Caspian Sea has an inconstancy in its level, the amplitude of which varied within 4 meters during the period of instrumental observations [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Storm Surges and Extreme Wind Waves in the Caspian Sea in the Present and Future Climate

Pavlova

Myslenkov²,

Архипкин³

et al. 2022

Civ Eng J

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The Caspian Sea is of particular interest. Against the background of long-term sea level changes, low-lying coastal areas in the northern part are subject to constant flooding as a result of storm surges. The elongation of the sea in the meridional direction allows the development of strong waves in the middle and southern parts. A comprehensive understanding of the characteristics of storm surges and storm waves is especially important in the context of ongoing climate change. This study is devoted to the analysis of storm surges for the time period from 1979 up to 2017 and wind waves from 1979 to 2020 in the Caspian Sea region. The circulation model ADCIRC and the wave model WAVEWATCH III with wind and pressure forcing from the NCEP/CFSR reanalysis were used. The modeling is performed on different unstructured grids with spacings of 500–900 m in the coastal zone. Mean and extreme values of surges, wave parameters and storm activity are provided in the research. The maximum significant wave height for the whole period was 8.2 m. The average long-term SWH did not exceed 1.1 m. No significant trends in the storm activity were found. The maximum surge height was 2.7 m. The analysis of the interannual variability of the surges' occurrence showed that 7–10 surges with a height of more than 1 meter were detected every year. The total duration of these surges was 20–30 days per year. Assessment of the risks of coastal flooding was carried out by calculating the extreme values of the sea for different return periods: 5, 10, 25, 50, and 100 years. The extreme sea level values in the northern part of the Caspian Sea for the 100-year return period are close to 3 m, and the areas with big surges are located along the eastern and western coasts. A forecast is made for the recurrence of storm wind waves in the 21st century based on climatic scenarios in CMIP5. A statistically significant increase in the recurrence of storm waves is to be expected in the near future, but that increase is not severe. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2022-08-11-01 Full Text: PDF

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Natural hazards and disasters around the Caspian Sea

Cited by 17 publications

References 100 publications

A review of science–policy interface for water governance in the Caspian Sea

A review of science–policy interface for water governance in the Caspian Sea

Social vulnerability to environmental disasters in the Paraopeba River Basin, Minas Gerais, Brazil

Storm Surges and Extreme Wind Waves in the Caspian Sea in the Present and Future Climate

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