“…Nanogenerators that operate under mechanical vibrations, on the other hand, should be designed with materials that have adequate structural strength to reduce structural failures caused by cracks, wear, fatigue, or fracture. Recent nanogenerator research [ 39 , 63 , 64 , 160 , 163 , 164 , 165 , 166 , 167 , 168 , 169 ] has focused on organic or waste materials from the environment, such as tomato, chitin, eggshell, fish swim bladder, spider silk, peanut shell, sunflower husks, rice paper, garbage soda cans, silk fibroin, coconut husk, and so on. However, measuring the piezoelectric and triboelectric properties of these materials is extremely difficult.…”