The human brain is the most efficient computational and intelligent system, and researchers are trying to mimic the human brain using solid-state materials. However, the use of solid-state materials has a limitation due to the movement of neurotransmitters. Hence, soft memory devices are receiving tremendous attention for smooth neurotransmission due to the ion concentration polarization mechanism. This paper proposes a core-shell soft ionic liquid (IL)-resistive memory device for electronic synapses using Cu/Ag@AgCl/Cu with multistate resistive behavior. The presence of the Ag@AgCl core shell in the liquid electrolyte significantly helps to control the movement of Cu2+ ions, which results in multistate resistive switching behavior. The core-shell IL soft memory device can open a gateway for electronic synapses.

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The integration of nanotextured black silicon (B-Si) into solar cells is often complicated by its enhanced phosphorus doping effect, which is typically attributed to increased surface area. In this article, we show that B-Si's surface-to-volume ratio, or specific surface area (SSA), which is directly related to surface reactivity, is a better indicator of reduced sheet resistance. We investigate six B-Si conditions with varying dimensions based on two morphology types prepared using metal-catalyzed chemical etching and reactive-ion etching. We demonstrate that for a POCl 3 diffusion, B-Si sheet resistance decreases with increasing SSA, regardless of surface area. 2-D dopant contrast imaging of different textures with similar surface areas also indicates that the extent of doping is enhanced with increasing SSA. 3-D diffusion simulations of nanocones show that both the extent of radial doping within a texture feature and the metallurgical junction depth in the underlying substrate increase with increasing SSA. We suggest SSA should be considered more readily when studying B-Si and its integration into solar cells. Index Terms-Black silicon, phosphorus doping, silicon nanotexture, surface area, surface-to-volume ratio. I. INTRODUCTIONN ANOTEXTURED silicon often falls under the collective label of black silicon (B-Si) which typically describes surfaces with low reflectance across a wide wavelength range (ultraviolet to near-infrared) and which appear black to the eye. B-Si can be prepared using a myriad of techniques and covers a wide range of surface morphologies and feature dimensions (from nano to micron-scale), including nanoporous layers [1],

This paper proposes a novel soft ionic liquid (IL) electrically functional device that displays resistive memory characteristics using poly (acrylic acid) partial sodium salt (PAA-Na+:H2O) solution gel and sodium hydroxide...

These unconventional harvesting ways can save the environment and make the user's lives safer. [7,8] After the evolutional change made by Z. L. Wang group in the field of energy harvesting as tribo-electric nanogenerators (TENGs), [9] plenty of research has been conducted to improve the efficiency, power-generation, and biocompatibility. [6,10,11] Moreover, as a more durable, highly stable, efficient, and excellently sensitive device, the piezo-electric nanogenerators (PENGs) [5] are also getting more and more attention these days. The electrical energy can easily be generated from TENG/PENG by mechanical motions originated from wind, ocean, and human body actions. Up to the date, remarkably high voltage, current, and power has been achieved from these technologies along with easy fabrication, light weight, and excellent durability. [12] The researchers have previously reported many laboratory synthesized materials (ZnO, ZnSnO 3 , SrTiO 3 , BaTiO 3, etc.) for the piezo-and TENGs. [13][14][15] However, these synthesized materials seriously muddle the natural environment because of the toxic behavior and expensive synthetic processes. [7,8,16] Extensive research has been done so far to study the piezoelectric effect in natural materials. [17] The piezo-electricity in the bio-materials has been reported previously in silk, [18] bacteriophages, [19] eggshell membrane, [20] chitin, [21] and collagens. [22] Among these materials, the collagen fibrils are abundant in organic tissues, fruits, vegetables, and other plants. The intermolecular hydrogen bonding in the collagen fibrils creates a uniaxial orientation of the molecular dipoles responsible for To mitigate future global energy challenges, it is vital to utilize natural resources to harness sustainable and environmentally-friendly energy. This paper explores the tribo-and piezo-electric functionalities of tomato peel (TP) to fabricate a nature-driven hybrid nanogenerator. Tomato is one of the most cultivated vegetables globally, however, a significant amount of TP is disposed after utilization in the food processing industries. The TP possesses a natural hierarchically placed highly porous structure, which is helpful to enhance the output performance of both piezo-and tribo-electric devices. This work shows that a TP based piezo-electric nanogenerator can produce an open circuit voltage of 24.5 V, short circuit current of 2.5 µA, and maximum instantaneous power of 19.5 µW. In addition, the TP based tribo-electric nanogenerator generates open circuit voltage, short circuit current, and instantaneous power of 135 V, 81 µA, and 3750 µW, respectively. Combining two NGs functionalities, the proposed TP based tribo-and piezo-electric nanogenerator (TP-TPENG) shows enhanced output performance with the rectified open circuit voltage, short circuit current, and maximum instantaneous power of 150 V, 84 µA, and 5400 µW, respectively. These results show that the TP-TPENG can offer a new pathway toward bio-based nanogeneration and self-powered sensing green technologies.