Natural light driven photovoltaic-electrolysis water splitting with 12.7% solar-to-hydrogen conversion efficiency using a two-electrode system grown with metal foam

Research on engineered electrocatalysts for efficient water splitting: a comprehensive review

“…Photovoltaic-electrocatalytic (PV-EC) activity Solar energy is found to be the most abundant source for power generation and direct production of H 2 by solar energy via PV-EC water splitting, which is the potential route of energy conversion as well as storage. 269 The low-cost PV-EC water splitting device was fabricated using CoNi LDH/CoFe 2 O 4 (anode) and CoFe 2 O 4 (cathode) with Si solar cell (Fig. 11).…”

“…(i) DFT results have been employed as a tool to identify the nature of intermediates; however, in composite catalysts, the real active sites were unclear. Hence, increasing the active sites 269 and activity of each active site in the electrode becomes important strategies to enhance the catalytic activity.…”

Tandem cells for unbiased photoelectrochemical water splitting

“…Generally, the commercial PV modules and electrolysers can be integrated into a system to produce H 2 . [40][41][42] Several comprehensive reviews have been published on the techno-economic analysis of PV-E. [43][44][45][46][47][48] Although PV-E water splitting is easy to scale-up, the cost of H 2 is unlikely to be economically viable compared to the steam methane reforming process due to the high cost of the PV module and electrolyser. Despite the significant progress made in solar water splitting, finding a technology that simultaneously achieves high STH efficiency, low cost, and scalability remains a considerable challenge.…”

Enhanced Oxygen Evolution Reaction Performance on NiSx@Co3O4/Nickel Foam Electrocatalysts with Their Photothermal Property

“…Alkaline water electrolysis is an effective approach to produce carbon-free hydrogen fuel. − Since the four-electron water oxidation on the anode is nonspontaneous in thermodynamics and sluggish in kinetics, research on high-performance anodic catalysts for oxygen evolution reaction (OER, 4OH – → 2H 2 O+O 2 +4e – ) has been extensively conducted in the past decades. − To achieve a low-cost and high-performance OER reaction, a series of transition metal-based materials have been investigated as electrocatalysts (such as oxides, carbides, phosphides, sulfides, and nitrides), in addition to the noble metal-based electrocatalysts. − Among the transition metal-based OER catalysts, Co 3 O 4 has received high attention in recent years, since its multivalent cobalt (Co 2+ /Co 3+ ) has catalytic activity for OER, and because of its low-cost preparation and environmental compatibility. , Unfortunately, the inherent electronic structure of Co 3 O 4 is not propitious to form a suitable ratio of Co 2+ /Co 3+ to drive OER commendably, and hence, the OER performance of Co 3 O 4 is below the requirements of commercial alkaline water electrolysis. , Modulation of the Co 3 O 4 electronic structure toward the efficient achievement of OER is one of the forefronts of alkaline water electrolysis. , …”