Natural occurrence of mycotoxins and toxigenic capacity of Alternaria strains from mouldy peppers

Cabral, Lucía Mariana Da Cruz; Terminiello, Laura; Pinto, Virginia Fernández; Nielsen, Kristian Fog; Patriarca, Andrea

doi:10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2016.08.005

Cited by 40 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…The toxicological risk of AOH and AME has been elucidated by Da Cruz Cabrala et al [25] that demonstrated their genotoxic activity on human cell lines of colon cancer. In addition, TA induces the human hematologic disorder called "onalay" and precancerous changes in the esophageal mucosa of mice [26].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Identification and Mycotoxin Production by Alternaria Species Occurring on Durum Wheat, Showing Black Point Symptoms

Masiello

Somma

Susca

et al. 2020

Toxins

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Black point is a fungal disease of wheat, mainly associated with mycotoxigenic Alternaria species. Affected wheat kernels are characterized by dark brown discolouration of the embryo region and reduction of grain quality. Potential risk is the possible accumulation of Alternaria mycotoxins, alternariol (AOH), alternariol-monomethyl ether (AME), tenuazonic acid (TA), and altenuene (ALT), provided by haemato-toxic, genotoxic, and mutagenic activities. One hundred and twenty durum wheat samples belonging to 30 different genotypes grown in Bologna and Modena areas, in Italy, showing black point symptoms, were analyzed for Alternaria species and their mycotoxin contamination. Alternariol was selected as an indicator of the capability of the Alternaria species to produce mycotoxin in vivo in field conditions. The data showed that Alternaria species occurred in 118 out of 120 wheat kernels samples, with the incidence of infected kernels ranging between 1% and 26%. Moreover, AOH was detected by using a HPLC with a diode array detector (LC-DAD) in 98 out of 120 samples with values ranging between 24 and 262 µg Kg−1. Ninety-two Alternaria representative strains, previously identified morphologically, were identified at species/section level using gene sequencing, and therefore were analyzed for their mycotoxin profiles. Eighty-four strains, phylogenetically grouped in the Alternaria section, produced AOH, AME, and TA with values up to 8064, 14,341, and 3683 µg g−1, respectively, analyzed by using a LC-DAD. On the other hand, eight Alternaria strains, included in Infectoriae Section, showed a very low or no capability to produce mycotoxins.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Identification and Mycotoxin Production by Alternaria Species Occurring on Durum Wheat, Showing Black Point Symptoms

Masiello

Somma

Susca

et al. 2020

Toxins

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“…Fungal identification of the isolates at genus level was carried out by morphological and molecular examination of the colonies according to da Cruz Cabral et al () and Qiu et al (). Briefly, isolates were inoculated on PDA and incubated for 7 d at 28°C in the dark and examined daily for 14 d. After the characteristics of cultural isolates examination on the plates by eye, detailed microscopic examination including length of primary and secondary conidiophores, secondary conidiophores shape, conidial shapes, sizes, colors, and ornamentation was further performed by inverted fluorescence microscopy (Nikon, Eclipse, TE 2000‐S) with a × 10 eyepiece and × 10, × 40 objective lenses using slide preparations.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selective antifungal activity of chitosan and sulfonated chitosan against postharvest fungus isolated from blueberry

et al. 2018

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Two fungal isolates, F12‐20 and F3‐1, were collected from postharvest blueberry in China. By phylogenetic analysis with the nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer region and morphological analyses, they were initially identified as Penicillium and Arthrinium sacchari (A. sacchari). The results showed that water‐soluble chitosan (WCS) and sulfonated chitosan (SCS) could significantly reduce the radial growth of fungal mycelia. The best concentrations were 0.25 and 16 g L–1 for WCS and 0.50 and 64 g L–1 for SCS against Penicillium sp. and A. sacchari, respectively. Importantly, SCS exhibited selective antifungal activity against Botrytis cinerea and A. sacchari. As different species of fungi may respond differently to fungicides, the findings of this study will provide a basis for the development of target‐specific pathogen control and will be useful in designing and implementing fungicide resistance management for control postharvest decay, thus extending the storage life of fresh blueberry. Practical application Experimental results obtained herein are useful for designing and implementing fungicide resistance management for control postharvest decay in blueberry to improve marketable fruit and extend the storage life of fresh blueberries. And sulfonated chitosan can be applied to the target‐specific pathogen control.

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“…Nevertheless, regarding these products, a few noteworthy instances are presented herein (Tables 2 and 5). Lately, attention has been devoted to Alternaria toxins [187], with several multitoxin methods considering them during the survey [188,189]. On the other hand, derivatization has been used to enhance sensitivity during mycotoxin analysis, even when using MS detection.…”

Section: Coupled With Ms Detectorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Though there is a tendency to use tandem MS-based techniques, UV and FLD detector-based LC systems are still widespread in laboratories (see Tables 2-5) which perform routine mycotoxin analysis. As a relevant example, several researchers have used ZnSO 4 to detect Alternaria toxins by using UV wavelengths [189,190]. An interaction between the keto-enol moiety and the metal ion generate a chelate and, therefore, a structure with an absorption band in the region.…”

Section: Coupled With Uv and Fld Detectorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mycotoxin Contamination of Beverages Obtained from Tropical Crops

2018

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This review is mainly centered on beverages obtained from tropical crops, including tea, nut milk, coffee, cocoa, and those prepared from fruits. After considering the epidemiological data found on the matrices above, the focus was given to recent methodological approaches to assess the most relevant mycotoxins. Aspects such as singularities among the mycotoxin and the beverage in which their were found, and the economic effects and repercussions that the mycotoxin-tainted ingredients have on the beverage industry were pointed out. Finally, the burden of their consumption through beverages, including risk and health effects on humans, was addressed as well.

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Natural occurrence of mycotoxins and toxigenic capacity of Alternaria strains from mouldy peppers

Cited by 40 publications

References 37 publications

Molecular Identification and Mycotoxin Production by Alternaria Species Occurring on Durum Wheat, Showing Black Point Symptoms

Molecular Identification and Mycotoxin Production by Alternaria Species Occurring on Durum Wheat, Showing Black Point Symptoms

Selective antifungal activity of chitosan and sulfonated chitosan against postharvest fungus isolated from blueberry

Mycotoxin Contamination of Beverages Obtained from Tropical Crops

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