Natural origin biodegradable systems in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine: present status and some moving trends

Mano, João F.; Silva, Gabriela A.; Azevedo, Helena S.; Malafaya, P. B.; Sousa, Rui A.; Silva, Simone S.; Boesel, Luciano F.; Oliveira, Joaquím M.; Santos, T. C.; Marques, A. P.; Neves, Nuno M.; Reis, Rui L.

doi:10.1098/rsif.2007.0220

Cited by 1,021 publications

(681 citation statements)

References 312 publications

(417 reference statements)

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“…25 Scaffolds must provide an appropriate environment for cell growth and differentiation, enable formation of a functional tissue substitute, and be able to efficiently integrate into the host tissue when transplanted in vivo. The biological scaffolding materials are an appealing choice, as naturally derived scaffolds are usually embedded with bioactive molecules and thus possess signaling cues that enhance cell growth and differentiation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Amniotic Membrane Scaffolds Enable the Development of Tissue-Engineered Urothelium with Molecular and Ultrastructural Properties Comparable to that of Native Urothelium

Jerman

Veranič

Kreft

2014

Tissue Engineering Part C: Methods

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The amniotic membrane (AM) is a naturally derived biomaterial that possesses biological and mechanical properties of great importance for tissue engineering. The aim of our study was to determine whether the AM enables the formation of a normal urinary bladder epithelium-urothelium-and to reveal any differences in the urothelial cell (UC) growth and differentiation when using different AM scaffolds. Cryopreserved human AM was used as a scaffold in three different ways. Normal porcine UCs were seeded on the AM epithelium (eAM), denuded AM (dAM), and stromal AM (sAM) and were cultured for 3 weeks. UC growth on AM scaffolds was monitored daily. By using electron microscopy, histochemical and immunofluorescence techniques, we here provide evidence that all three AM scaffolds enable the development of the urothelium. The fastest growth and the highest differentiation of UCs were demonstrated on the sAM scaffold, which enables the development of tissue-engineered urothelium with molecular and ultrastructural properties comparable to that of the native urothelium. Most importantly, the highly differentiated urothelia on the sAM scaffolds provide important experimental models for future drug delivery studies and developing tissue engineering strategies considering that subtle differences are identified before translation to the clinical settings.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Amniotic Membrane Scaffolds Enable the Development of Tissue-Engineered Urothelium with Molecular and Ultrastructural Properties Comparable to that of Native Urothelium

Jerman

Veranič

Kreft

2014

Tissue Engineering Part C: Methods

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“…Biomaterials are recognized as foreign and post-implant events involve their integration and/ or elimination followed by tissue reconstitution at the implant sites [1]. Ideally, the degradation rates of implants should be engineered to last the intended span of efficacy and to synchronize with the pace of tissue regeneration.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The biodegradability of electrospun Dextran/PLGA scaffold in a fibroblast/macrophage co-culture

2008

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Fibroblast and macrophage are two dominant cell types respond cooperatively to degrade implanted biomaterials. Using an electrospun Dextran/Poly-lactide-co-glycolide (PLGA) scaffold as a model, an in vitro fibroblast/macrophage co-culture system was developed to investigate the degradability of implantable biodegradable materials. SEM showed that both fibroblasts and macrophages were able to degrade the scaffold, separately or cooperatively. Under the synergistic coordination of macrophages and fibroblasts, scaffolds showed faster degradation rate than their counterparts incubated with a single type of cells as well as in PBS or cell culture medium. Lysozyme, non-specific esterase (NSE), gelatinase, hyaluronidase-1 and α-glucosidase were upregulated in the presence of the scaffold, suggesting their roles in the cell-mediated scaffold degradation. In addition, the expressions of cell surface receptors CD204 and Toll like receptor 4 (TLR4) were elevated one week after cell seeding, implying that these receptors might be involved in scaffold degradation. The results of in vivo subdermal implantation of the scaffold further confirmed the biodegradability of the Dextran/PLGA scaffold. The fibroblast/macrophage co-culture model adequately mimicked the in vivo environment and could be further developed into an in vitro tool for initial biomaterial evaluation.

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“…Moreover, owing to their similarity with the extracellular matrix (ECM), natural polymers may also reduce the stimulation of chronic inflammation or immunological reactions and toxicity, often detected with synthetic polymers. 51,52 However, this is not true for every natural-derived polymer; the ones from nonmammalian sources (e.g., seaweed and crustaceans) can induce immune reactions. Moreover, even mammalian hydrogels (e.g., those collagen-based), if raw materials are improperly harvested from some species, might induce immune reactions in humans.…”

Section: ' Hydrogelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrogels in Spinal Cord Injury Repair Strategies

Perale

Rossi

Sundström

et al. 2011

ACS Chem. Neurosci.

149

123

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)Mi.To. Technology s.r.l., Licensing Department, Viale Vittorio Veneto 2/a, 20124 Milan, Italy T raumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) is an irreversible dramatic event that can incapacitate victims for life. 1À4 Although the incidence is relatively low, the often severe disability that follows and the fact that the victims are often young people, the consequences for the patient is severe and the impact on societal costs is significant. The injury is the result of a primary event due to contusive, compressive, or stretch injury, 1,2,5 followed by the so-called "secondary injury", commonly considered the main cause of the post-traumatic neural degeneration of the cord itself. 6À8 Functional deficits of SCI are caused by different temporal events: spinal cord compression and/or contusion lead to ischemic events that limit both oxygen and glucose contribution to the tissue, with concomitant neuronal cell death, axon damage, and demyelination. 5 Subsequently, glial activation, release of inflammatory factors and cytokines, and scar formation that impedes axons to regrow 8,9 aggravate the progression of the damage.SCI research is following two principal paths. 6,9À11 The first one, already applied in human cases, is based on systemic pharmacological treatments in order to contain side effects (ischemia, free radical release, and inflammation) using neuroprotective drugs (such as corticosteroids) 12À14 and to promote self-regeneration using stimulating factors. 15 The second one relies on tissue engineering 16À18 approaches such as the direct injection of stem cells 19À21 and active agents (drugs, antibodies, and peptides) into the affected area with the aim to bridge the lesion, possibly after removal of the glial scar or reducing endogenous neurite-inhibitory molecules. 22,23 Direct injection of in vitro cultured cells or drugs is the most common choice, but keeping transplanted cells in the lesion area is often desired as transplanted cells readily leave the zone of injection if not confined by any support. To achieve this, a new potential approach is to combine material science with tissue engineering as has been proposed and developed. 16,24À26 In Figure 1 are presented classic tissue engineering approaches as the combination of scaffolds with cells and active agents in order to replace damaged parts of biological tissues. 17,18 In the wide field of biomaterials, increased attention is given to polymers, not only to fabricate three-dimensional scaffolds but also to develop injectable systems for tissue engineering. 26À34 One of the most suitable classes of compounds for these purposes is surely represented by hydrogels. 16,28,31,35À39 These polymers are typically soft and elastic due to their thermodynamic compatibility with water. 16,33,36,40 They can be designed as temporary structures having desired geometry and physical, chemical, and mechanical properties adequate for implantation into chosen target tissue. 6,41À43The aim of this Review is to show the different types of hydrogels used as scaffolds for...

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Natural origin biodegradable systems in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine: present status and some moving trends

Cited by 1,021 publications

References 312 publications

Amniotic Membrane Scaffolds Enable the Development of Tissue-Engineered Urothelium with Molecular and Ultrastructural Properties Comparable to that of Native Urothelium

Amniotic Membrane Scaffolds Enable the Development of Tissue-Engineered Urothelium with Molecular and Ultrastructural Properties Comparable to that of Native Urothelium

The biodegradability of electrospun Dextran/PLGA scaffold in a fibroblast/macrophage co-culture

Hydrogels in Spinal Cord Injury Repair Strategies

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