Natural Outcome of ADHD With Developmental Coordination Disorder at Age 22 Years: A Controlled, Longitudinal, Community-Based Study

Rasmussen, Peder; Gillberg, Christopher

doi:10.1097/00004583-200011000-00017

Cited by 633 publications

(460 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…There are few data on the natural outcome and the prognostic value of motor coordination problems in children with ADHD. In a Scandinavian study 22-year-old adults with the combina-tion of ADHD and DCD had a much poorer outcome than adults of the same age with ADHD only (Rasmussen and Gillberg 2000). The outcome in the group with the combination of ADHD and motor coordination problems was poorer with regard to social functioning and social relationships, school and work career, psychiatric problems and abuse of alcohol and drugs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Motor coordination problems in children and adolescents with ADHD rated by parents and teachers: effects of age and gender

et al. 2007

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Summary. Objective. ADHD is frequently accompanied by motor coordination problems. However, the co-occurrence of poor motor performance has received less attention in research than other coexisting problems in ADHD. The underlying mechanisms of this association remain unclear. Therefore, we investigated the prevalence of motor coordination problems in a large sample of children with ADHD, and the relationship between motor coordination problems and inattentive and hyperactive=impulsive symptoms. Furthermore, we assessed whether the association between ADHD and motor coordination problems was comparable across ages and was similar for both genders.Method. We investigated 486 children with ADHD and 269 normal controls. Motor coordination problems were rated by parents (Developmental Coordination Disorder Questionnaire) and teachers (Groningen Motor Observation Scale).Results. Parents and teachers reported motor coordination problems in about one third of children with ADHD. Problems of fine and gross motor skills, coordination skills and motor control were all related to inattentive rather than hyperactive=impulsive symptoms. Relative to controls, motor coordination problems in ADHD were still present in teenagers according to parents; the prevalence diminished somewhat according to teachers. Boys and girls with ADHD were comparably affected, but motor performance in controls was better in girls than in boys.Conclusions. Motor coordination problems were reported in one third of children with ADHD and affected both boys and girls. These problems were also apparent in adolescents with ADHD. Clinicians treating children with ADHD should pay attention to co-occurring motor coordination problems because of the high prevalence and the negative impact of motor coordination problems on daily life.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Motor coordination problems in children and adolescents with ADHD rated by parents and teachers: effects of age and gender

et al. 2007

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“…Within community samples, the gender ratio is approximately 3:1 [8]. The 41 presence of ADHD increases the risk of the child having oppositional defiance and conduct 42 disorder considerably [9], and it has a strong tendency to persist into adulthood [10]. There 43 is also a considerable increase in the risk of substance misuse [11], as well as other 44 psychiatric disorders such as anxiety and depression [9].…”

Section: U N C O R R E C T E D P R O O Fmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Diagnostic Utility of Behavioral Checklists in Identifying Children with ADHD and Children with Working Memory Deficits

Alloway

Gathercole²,

Holmes³

et al. 2009

Child Psychiatry Hum Dev

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“…These neurological abnormalities have longitudinal stability and are positively correlated with poor functional outcome in adulthood (Pine et al 1996). Several investigators found positive correlations between neurological soft signs and increased risk of psychiatric disorders, such as depression and ADHD (Rasmussen and Gillberg 2000), and a strong association between NSS and ADHD (Denckla and Rudel 1978;Gillberg 1998). Shaffer et al (1985) reported that adolescents with early soft signs had significantly lower IQs and were more likely to have a psychiatric disorder characterized by anxiety, withdrawal and affective disorders (Shaffer et al 1985) as well as schizophrenia in adulthood (Leask et al 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathophysiology of NSS in ADHD

Pasini

D’Agati

2009

The World Journal of Biological Psychiatry

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Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is the behavioural disorder most commonly diagnosed in childhood. In addition to the main symptoms of inattention, impulsiveness and hyperactivity, neurological soft signs (NSS) are often associated with ADHD. NSS are discrete motor and sensory disorders that cannot be linked to specific cerebral lesions. We review all the scientific contributions on NSS in ADHD. The conclusions support the presence of an alteration in the neural networks for motor control inhibition, at the base of the pathophysiology of NSS in children with ADHD, as well as a possible central role of dopamine in these neural circuits.

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Natural Outcome of ADHD With Developmental Coordination Disorder at Age 22 Years: A Controlled, Longitudinal, Community-Based Study

Cited by 633 publications

References 29 publications

Motor coordination problems in children and adolescents with ADHD rated by parents and teachers: effects of age and gender

Motor coordination problems in children and adolescents with ADHD rated by parents and teachers: effects of age and gender

The Diagnostic Utility of Behavioral Checklists in Identifying Children with ADHD and Children with Working Memory Deficits

Pathophysiology of NSS in ADHD

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