Natural Products and Biological Activity of the Pharmacologically Active Cauliflower MushroomSparassis crispa

Abstract

Sparassis crispa, also known as cauliflower mushroom, is an edible mushroom with medicinal properties. Its cultivation became popular in Japan about 10 years ago, a phenomenon that has been attributed not only to the quality of its taste, but also to its potential for therapeutic applications. Herein, I present a comprehensive summary of the pharmacological activities and mechanisms of action of its bioactive components, such as beta-glucan, and other physiologically active substances. In particular, the immunomodulatory mechanisms of the beta-glucan components are presented herein in detail.

Vegetative Development of <i>Sparassis crispa</i> in Various Growth Conditions and Effect of Electric Pulse Simulation on Its Fruit Body Production

“…As reported by Kimura [3], the fruit body of S. crispa has about 90% water and contains 13.4 g protein, 2.0 g fat, 21.5 g carbohydrate, 1.8 g ash and 61.2 g dietary fibre per 100 g of dry weight. This fungus belongs to the phylum; Basidiomycota, class; Agaricomycetes, order; Polyporales, family; Sparassidaceae, genus; Sparassis and species; crispa [3]. The content of D 2 Vitamin, that is helpful in intestinal calcium absorption, is about 0.17 mg per 100 g of dry weight [2].…”

“…For instance, in France it is called by the names: Clavaire crepue, Morille des pins, Sparassis crepue and Crete de coq; in Germany they call it Feisterling digal; Sheikaosin in China and in Japan "Hanabiratake" and "Hanabiramaitake" because it grows on larch trees [2]. As reported by Kimura [3], the fruit body of S. crispa has about 90% water and contains 13.4 g protein, 2.0 g fat, 21.5 g carbohydrate, 1.8 g ash and 61.2 g dietary fibre per 100 g of dry weight. This fungus belongs to the phylum; Basidiomycota, class; Agaricomycetes, order; Polyporales, family; Sparassidaceae, genus; Sparassis and species; crispa [3].…”

“…Thus, S. crispa can be utilized for mass production of β-glucan [8]. Kimura [3] reported that the medicinal value of this mushroom is mainly due to 6-branched 1‚3-beta-glucan (SCG).…”

Морфолого-культуральні властивості рідкісного лікарського гриба Sparassis crispa (Sparassidaceae, Polyporales)

“…Сучасні відомості щодо лікувальних властивостей S. crispa свідчать про широкий біологічний спектр дії цього гриба (Tada et al, 2007;Dalonso et al, 2015). Встановлено, що екстракти, отримані як з плодових тіл, так і міцеліальної маси даного виду, мають імуномодулюючий, онкостатичний і антиметастатичний ефекти (Woodward et al, 1993;Kwon et al, 2009;Yamamoto et al, 2009;Yoshikawa et al, 2010;Takashi, 2013). За умов глибинного і поверхневого культивування штами S. crispa здатні до біосинтезу антибіотиків і цитокінінів (Dyakov et al, 2011;Vedenicheva et al, 2016).…”

Sparassis crispaAttenuates Carbon Tetrachloride-Induced Hepatic Injury in Rats

“…It is a brown root fungus that grows primarily on the stumps of coniferous trees [9]. Sparassis crispa has been reported to exhibit many biological activities, including tumor suppressive, anti-angiogenic, anti-allergic, and anti-diabetic effects [10,11]. Moreover, the administration of soluble β-glucan preparation from Sparassis crispa has been found to modulate cytokine production in mice [12].…”