Natural Radioactivity Measurements and Radiation Dose Estimation in Some Sedimentary Rock Samples in Turkey

Abstract

The natural radioactivity existed since creation of the universe due to the long life time of some radionuclides. This natural radioactivity is caused byγ-radiation originating from the uranium and thorium series and40K. In this study, the gamma radiation has been measured to determine natural radioactivity of238U,232Th, and40K in collected sedimentary rock samples in different places of Turkey. The measurements have been performed usingγ-ray spectrometer containing NaI(Tl) detector and multichannel analyser (MCA). Absorbed dose rate (D), annual effective dose (AED), radium equivalent activities (Raeq), external hazard index (Hex), and internal hazard index (Hin) associated with the natural radionuclide were calculated to assess the radiation hazard of the natural radioactivity in the sedimentary rock samples. The average values of absorbed dose rate in air (D), annual effective dose (AED), radium equivalent activity (Raeq), external hazard index (Hex), and internal hazard index (Hin) were calculated and these were 45.425 nGy/h, 0.056 mSv/y, 99.014 Bq/kg, 0.267, and 0.361, respectively.

Gamma Radiation Measurements of Naturally Occurring Radioactive in Igneous Rocks and Its Radiological Complications

“…Therefore, the rock samples are within an acceptable safe limit. The external hazard (Hex) in the rock samples ranged from 0.14 to 0.98 with a mean [23] depends on the locality geological conditions [9] [11] [16]. In general, the results of this study are comparable to the different published studies as listed in this …”

Natural Radiation Measurement in Some Soil Samples from Basra oil field, IRAQ State

“…In the quantitative analysis, the radioactivity was calculated by calculating the net area under the photo peak of gamma-ray to infer the concentration of radioisotope in the sample. The activities for the natural radionuclides of 40 K, 226 Ra and 232 Th in the measured samples at Becquerel per unit mass Bq/kg were calculated using the following relation [4].…”

“…leads to accumulation of sediments Inside the oil equipment in different forms, containing radionuclides that are more concentrated by increasing the accumulation of those sediments which lead to the reduction of oil production over time, which requires to cleaning of the equipment periodically and continuously, which leads exposure of radiation risk to the workers and pollution of land surrounding the oil fields and the environment if they are not handled safely and uncontrolled to prevent their spread [3]. In the literature, some researchers have carried out a series of studies to identify and evaluate 226 Ra, 232 Th and 40 K activity concentrations in environmental samples such as stone, soil in various parts of the world [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16].…”

Determination of 40K Concentration in Gravel Samples from Konyaalt i Beach, Antalya

“…3. The measurement was based on recording natural radioactivity quantities of three natural long-lived elements: 226 Ra, 232 Th and 40 K, which produce the photo-peaks at 1760, 2610 and 1461 keV respectively, in the natural γ-ray spectrum [6].…”