“…For radio-frequency (RF) fields from tens of MHz up to tens of GHz, various kinds of sensor-scanning systems have been developed to measure RF emissions from electronic devices and systems, individual PCBs, and even onboard VLSI chips. In these systems, for example, an electric field probe (Dutta et al, 1999), a magnetic loop probe (Haelvoet et al, 1996), a magnetic sensor array (Yamaguchi et al, 1999), and an electromagnetic field probe (Kazama and Arai, 2002) have been used with mechanically-scanning systems (Baudry et al, 2007), which have measured and visualized RF near-field distributions. A 2-d dense array of thousands of loop sensors for nearfield distribution imaging (without the need for scanning) has also been available (Fan, 2009).…”