Near‐Infrared Spectroscopy Reveals Brain Hypoxia and Cerebrovascular Dysregulation in Primary Biliary Cholangitis

Duszynski, Chris; Avati, Vince; Lapointe, Andrew P.; Scholkmann, Felix; Dunn, Jeff F.; Swain, Mark G.

doi:10.1002/hep.30920

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…When the hemoglobin level is low, certain conditions might happen such as hypoxia and anemia. Previous study using nearinfrared spectroscopy (NIRS) method, a noninvasive neuroimaging technique, has identified that patients with PBC demonstrated significantly reduced cerebral StO2, increased cerebral deoxygenated hemoglobin concentration, and reduced total hemoglobin (tHb) concentration compared to healthy controls [14]. Pathologically, chronic inflammation and hypoxia could induce oxidative stress by producing reactive oxygen species, while oxidative stress was associated with chronic cholangitis induce bile duct damages in PBC [15].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hematologic traits and primary biliary cholangitis: a Mendelian randomization study

Shang

2023

J Hum Genet

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Hematologic abnormalities was observationally associated with the susceptibility of primary biliary cholangitis (PBC). However, the conclusion is still controversial and whether there exists a causal association remains elusive. Here we aimed to explore the causative role of hematological traits in the risk of PBC. We conducted two-sample and multivariable Mendelian randomization analyses based on summary statistics from previous large genome-wide association studies. Totally twelve red blood cell and six white blood cell traits were analyzed. Genetically determined higher hemoglobin level was significantly associated with a reduced risk of PBC (OR: 0.62, 95% CI: 0.47-0.81, P: 5.59E−04). Meanwhile, higher hematocrit level was nominally associated with reduced risk of PBC (OR: 0.73, 95% CI: 0.57-0.93, P: 0.01). These results could help better understand the role of hematological traits in the risk of PBC, and provide potential targets for the disease prevention and treatment.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hematologic traits and primary biliary cholangitis: a Mendelian randomization study

Shang

2023

J Hum Genet

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“…Sunil et al (2012) also reported abnormal cerebral blood flow perfusion in multiple brain regions of MHE patients, and that regional cerebral blood flow in some brain regions was related to patients' cognitive impairment. Nearinfrared spectroscopy measurements of NAFLD (Takahashi et al, 2017) and PBC (Duszynski et al, 2020) patients illustrated cerebral hypoxia in these patients. Moreover, significant decreases in glucose, lactate, and tissue oxygen concentration levels were observed in the cortex of BDL-induced MHE rats (Hadjihambi et al, 2022).…”

Section: Brain Energy Metabolism Disordersmentioning

confidence: 94%

Regulation of mild cognitive impairment associated with liver disease by humoral factors derived from the gastrointestinal tract and MRI research progress: a literature review

et al. 2023

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Patients with liver disease are prone to various cognitive impairments. It is undeniable that cognitive impairment is often regulated by both the nervous system and the immune system. In this review our research focused on the regulation of mild cognitive impairment associated with liver disease by humoral factors derived from the gastrointestinal tract, and revealed that its mechanisms may be involved with hyperammonemia, neuroinflammation, brain energy and neurotransmitter metabolic disorders, and liver-derived factors. In addition, we share the emerging research progress in magnetic resonance imaging techniques of the brain during mild cognitive impairment associated with liver disease, in order to provide ideas for the prevention and treatment of mild cognitive impairment in liver disease.

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“…We have previously proposed that inflammatory responses within the brain can result in hypoxia and that this hypoxia can worsen inflammation, thereby creating a hypoxia-inflammation cycle [ 14 ]. We have also detected hypoxia in people with multiple sclerosis and primary biliary cholangitis, both conditions appearing to cause inflammation in the brain [ 15 , 16 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Brain hypoxia, neurocognitive impairment, and quality of life in people post-COVID-19

et al. 2023

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Objective Systemic hypoxia occurs in COVID-19 infection; however, it is unknown if cerebral hypoxia occurs in convalescent individuals. We have evidence from other conditions associated with central nervous system inflammation that hypoxia may occur in the brain. If so, hypoxia could reduce the quality of life and brain function. This study was undertaken to assess if brain hypoxia occurs in individuals after recovery from acute COVID-19 infection and if this hypoxia is associated with neurocognitive impairment and reduced quality of life. Methods Using frequency-domain near-infrared spectroscopy (fdNIRS), we measured cerebral tissue oxygen saturation (StO2) (a measure of hypoxia) in participants who had contracted COVID-19 at least 8 weeks prior to the study visit and healthy controls. We also conducted neuropsychological assessments and health-related quality of life assessments, fatigue, and depression. Results Fifty-six percent of the post-COVID-19 participants self-reported having persistent symptoms (from a list of 18), with the most reported symptom being fatigue and brain fog. There was a gradation in the decrease of oxyhemoglobin between controls, and normoxic and hypoxic post-COVID-19 groups (31.7 ± 8.3 μM, 27.8 ± 7.0 μM and 21.1 ± 7.2 μM, respectively, p = 0.028, p = 0.005, and p = 0.081). We detected that 24% of convalescent individuals’ post-COVID-19 infection had reduced StO2 in the brain and that this relates to reduced neurological function and quality of life. Interpretation We believe that the hypoxia reported here will have health consequences for these individuals, and this is reflected in the correlation of hypoxia with greater symptomology. With the fdNIRS technology, combined with neuropsychological assessment, we may be able to identify individuals at risk of hypoxia-related symptomology and target individuals that are likely to respond to treatments aimed at improving cerebral oxygenation.

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Near‐Infrared Spectroscopy Reveals Brain Hypoxia and Cerebrovascular Dysregulation in Primary Biliary Cholangitis

Cited by 7 publications

References 53 publications

Hematologic traits and primary biliary cholangitis: a Mendelian randomization study

Hematologic traits and primary biliary cholangitis: a Mendelian randomization study

Regulation of mild cognitive impairment associated with liver disease by humoral factors derived from the gastrointestinal tract and MRI research progress: a literature review

Brain hypoxia, neurocognitive impairment, and quality of life in people post-COVID-19

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