Near-shore Antarctic pH variability has implications for the design of oceanacidification experiments

Kapsenberg, Lydia; Kelley, Amanda L.; Shaw, Emily C.; Martz, Todd R.; Hofmann, Gretchen E.

doi:10.1038/srep09638

Cited by 60 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…For environmental conditions for the site of collection see Kapsenberg et al 2015. Animals were transported in ambient seawater in a cool box and transferred to flow through aquaria (100 l; −1.1 °C) shortly after collection.…”

Section: Study Species Collection Sites and Spawningmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contributions of genetic and environmental variance in early development of the Antarctic sea urchin Sterechinus neumayeri in response to increased ocean temperature and acidification

et al. 2016

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blastulae in low pH also performed well at increased temperatures. Performance at cleavage was a good predictor of performance at the later blastula stage. Significant dam by temperature interactions indicated differential performance among maternal half-siblings in response to increased temperature. Adaptation depends on additive genetic variance for stress tolerance being present in populations; however, there were no sire by stressor interactions found. This indicates that S. neumayeri will need to rely on phenotypic plasticity to persist through an ocean decreasing in pH and warming, at least with respect to early development.

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Section: Study Species Collection Sites and Spawningmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contributions of genetic and environmental variance in early development of the Antarctic sea urchin Sterechinus neumayeri in response to increased ocean temperature and acidification

et al. 2016

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“…For experiments in temperate waters, the mean ratio of >10 µm Chl a to total Chl a (hereafter >10 µm : total) of 0.32 ± 0.08 was lower than the ratio for polar stations of 0.54 ± 0.13 ( snapshot (4 -6 weeks) of a year, so the annual variability in carbonate chemistry is likely to be much greater. Adaptation to such natural variability may induce resilience to abrupt changes within the biological community (Kapsenberg et al 2015). This resilience is manifested here as negligible impacts on rates of de novo DMSP synthesis and net DMS 450 production.…”

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confidence: 94%

Dimethylsulfide (DMS) production in polar oceans may be resilient to ocean acidification

Hopkins

Stephens

Moore

et al. 2018

Preprint

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Abstract. Emissions of dimethylsulfide (DMS) from the polar oceans play a key role in10 atmospheric processes and climate. Therefore, it is important we increase our understanding of how DMS production in these regions may respond to environmental change. The polar oceans are particularly vulnerable to ocean acidification (OA). However, our understanding of the polar DMS response is limited to two studies conducted in Arctic waters, where in both cases DMS concentrations decreased with increasing acidity. Here, we report on our findings 15 from seven summertime shipboard microcosm experiments undertaken in a variety of locations in the Arctic Ocean and Southern Ocean. These experiments reveal no significant effects of short term OA on the net production of DMS by planktonic communities. This is in contrast to identical experiments from temperate NW European shelf waters where surface ocean communities responded to OA with significant increases in dissolved DMS 20 concentrations. A meta-analysis of the findings from both temperate and polar waters (n = 18 experiments) reveals clear regional differences in the DMS response to OA. We suggest that these regional differences in DMS response reflect the natural variability in carbonate chemistry to which the respective communities may already be adapted. Future temperate oceans could be more sensitive to OA resulting in a change in DMS emissions to the 25 atmosphere, whilst perhaps surprisingly DMS emissions from the polar oceans may remain

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“…TrOCA is the "Tracer combining Oxygen, inorganic Carbon, and total Alkalinity" method, NR means "not reported", and PI is "preindustrial era". Compared to the open ocean, shallow coastal sites exhibit natural variability in carbonate chemistry over annual time frames (Hofmann et al, 2011;Kapsenberg and Hofmann, 2016;Kapsenberg et al, 2015), complicating the detection and relevance of open ocean acidification in isolation of other processes (Duarte et al, 2013). In the northwestern (NW) Pacific coast, rapid acidification of surface waters ( pH T −0.058 units yr −1 ) at Tatoosh Island was documented in the absence of changes in known drivers of local pH variability (e.g., upwelling, eutrophication, and more; Wootton and Pfister, 2012;Wootton et al, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coastal ocean acidification and increasing total alkalinity in the northwestern Mediterranean Sea

et al. 2017

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Abstract. Coastal time series of ocean carbonate chemistry are critical for understanding how global anthropogenic change manifests in near-shore ecosystems. Yet, they are few and have low temporal resolution. At the time series station Point B in the northwestern Mediterranean Sea, seawater was sampled weekly from 2007 through 2015, at 1 and 50 m, and analyzed for total dissolved inorganic carbon (C T ) and total alkalinity (A T ). Parameters of the carbonate system such as pH (pH T , total hydrogen ion scale) were calculated and a deconvolution analysis was performed to identify drivers of change. The rate of surface ocean acidification was −0.0028 ± 0.0003 units pH T yr −1 . This rate is larger than previously identified open-ocean trends due to rapid warming that occurred over the study period (0.072 ± 0.022 • C yr −1 ). The total pH T change over the study period was of similar magnitude as the diel pH T variability at this site. The acidification trend can be attributed to atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) forcing (59 %, 2.08 ± 0.01 ppm CO 2 yr −1 ) and warming (41 %). Similar trends were observed at 50 m but rates were generally slower. At 1 m depth, the increase in atmospheric CO 2 accounted for approximately 40 % of the observed increase in C T (2.97 ± 0.20 µmol kg −1 yr −1 ). The remaining increase in C T may have been driven by the same unidentified process that caused an increase in A T (2.08 ± 0.19 µmol kg −1 yr −1 ). Based on the analysis of monthly trends, synchronous increases in C T and A T were fastest in the spring-summer transition. The driving process of the interannual increase in A T has a seasonal and shallow component, which may indicate riverine or groundwater influence. This study exemplifies the importance of understanding changes in coastal carbonate chemistry through the lens of biogeochemical cycling at the land-sea interface. This is the first coastal acidification time series providing multiyear data at high temporal resolution. The data confirm rapid warming in the Mediterranean Sea and demonstrate coastal acidification with a synchronous increase in total alkalinity.

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Near-shore Antarctic pH variability has implications for the design of oceanacidification experiments

Cited by 60 publications

References 56 publications

Contributions of genetic and environmental variance in early development of the Antarctic sea urchin Sterechinus neumayeri in response to increased ocean temperature and acidification

Contributions of genetic and environmental variance in early development of the Antarctic sea urchin Sterechinus neumayeri in response to increased ocean temperature and acidification

Dimethylsulfide (DMS) production in polar oceans may be resilient to ocean acidification

Coastal ocean acidification and increasing total alkalinity in the northwestern Mediterranean Sea

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