Necessity of Direct Dose Measurement during Current X-ray Diagnosis

Hayashi, Hiroaki; Mihara, Yoshiki; Kanazawa, Yuki; Tomita, Emi; Goto, Sota; Takegami, Kazuki; Okazaki, Toshiya; Hashizume, Takumi; Cruz, Vergil Lorenzo E.

doi:10.18103/mra.v5i2.1030

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…35 VISION, DOSIRIS with TLD, and Glass Badge, Luminess Badge with the function of energy discrimination can provide stable responses from low to high energy. 36 In contrast, the nanoDot, which has an Al 2 O 3 -based OSL element without a filter and is calibrated by 137 Cs, overestimates H p (0.07) with respect to water or tissue by a factor of ∼4.0 in the diagnostic X-ray energy domain of 50-110 keV. 37 Although 18 F emits only 511-keV annihilation photons, 99m Tc emits characteristic X-rays (emission probabilities) of 18.3 (6.2%) and 20.6 (1.1%) keV, and 123 I emits characteristic X-rays of 27.5 (45.6%), 27.2 (24.7%), 3.8 (9%), 31.0 (8.1%), 30.9 (4.2%), and 31.7 (2.3%) keV, respectively.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thermoluminescent dosimeters (TLD) to monitor the eye lens can reduce energy fluctuations better than the OSL element because of the low intrinsic energy dependence of the TLD element 35 . VISION, DOSIRIS with TLD, and Glass Badge, Luminess Badge with the function of energy discrimination can provide stable responses from low to high energy 36 . In contrast, the nanoDot, which has an Al 2 O 3 ‐based OSL element without a filter and is calibrated by 137 Cs, overestimates H p (0.07) with respect to water or tissue by a factor of ∼4.0 in the diagnostic X‐ray energy domain of 50–110 keV 37 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Determination of a reliable assessment for occupational eye lens dose in nuclear medicine

Miyaji

Miwa

Iimori

et al. 2022

J Applied Clin Med Phys

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The most recent statement published by the International Commission on Radiological Protection describes a reduction in the maximum allowable occupational eye lens dose from 150 to 20 mSv/year (averaged over 5-year periods). Exposing the eye lens to radiation is a concern for nuclear medicine staff who handle radionuclide tracers with various levels of photon energy. This study aimed to define the optimal dosimeter and means of measuring the amount of exposure to which the eye lens is exposed during a routine nuclear medicine practice. A RANDO human phantom attached to Glass Badge and Luminess Badge for body or neck, DOSIRIS and VISION for eyes, and nanoDot for body, neck, and eyes was exposed to 99m Tc, 123 I, and 18 F radionuclides. Sealed syringe sources of each radionuclide were positioned 30 cm from the abdomen of the phantom. Estimated exposure based on measurement conditions (i.e., air kerma rate constants, conversion coefficient, distance, activity, and exposure time) was compared measured dose equivalent of each dosimeter. Differences in body, neck, and eye lens dosimeters were statistically analyzed. The 10-mm dose equivalent significantly differed between the Glass Badge and Luminess Badge for the neck, but these were almost equivalent at the body. The 0.07-mm dose equivalent for the nanoDot dosimeters was greatly overestimated compared to the estimated exposure of 99m Tc and 123 I radionuclides. Measured dose equivalents of exposure significantly differed between the body and eye lens dosimeters with respect to 18 F. Although accurately measuring radiation exposure to the eye lenses of nuclear medicine staff is conventionally monitored using dosimeters worn on the chest or abdomen, eye lens dosimeters that provide a 3-mm dose equivalent near the eye would be a more reliable means of assessing radiation doses in the mixed radiation environment of nuclear medicine.

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