Needed: Competent, Confident, and Committed Career Counselors

Dorn, Fred J.

doi:10.1002/j.1556-6676.1986.tb01323.x

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Additional support for the contention that participant characteristics influenced the marked preference for the social/depression hypothesis over the academic/anxiety hypothesis comes from research indicating that counselors prefer to work with personal problems, as compared with vocational problems (Dorn, 1986; Gelso et al, 1985; Pinkney & Jacobs, 1985); it is possible that counselor preference for the academic issue presented in the current study was more similar to the vocational category. Recent work on “vocational overshadowing” (Spengler, Blustein, & Strohmer, 1990) has described a similar effect.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 67%

Confirmatory bias in hypothesis testing for client-identified and counselor self-generated hypotheses.

Haverkamp¹

1993

Journal of Counseling Psychology

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Hypothesis testing strategies exhibited by 65 counseling trainees were assessed after the trainees viewed and responded to a videotaped client-counselor interaction. Participants' hypothesis testing strategies were assessed for both a client-identified (experimenter-provided) and a counselor self-generated hypothesis about the client's problem. Results for the client-identified hypotheses failed to support either the previous finding of a strong neutral hypothesis testing strategy (e.g., D. C. Hayden, 1987;D. C. Strohmer & A. L. Chiodo, 1984) or the predicted confirmatory bias. Results for the self-generated hypotheses did reveal a strong confirmatory tendency across 5 analogue interviewing behaviors-with mean response percentages of 64% confirmatory, 21% neutral, and 15% disconfirmatory-and contradict prior research indicating that counselors do not exhibit a confirmatory bias in hypothesis testing.The counseling trainee who meets a new client is faced with a complex, highly ambiguous task in attempting to discern that client's problem. For the counselor, problem identification is an inferential task that involves drawing on current knowledge and intuition in generating and then testing a hypothesis about a client's concern. As Leary and Miller (1986) pointed out, Counselors are not simply the passive recipients of whatever information their clients wish to divulge. Rather, they actively seek information, integrate that information to form ideas about the client and his or her dysfunction, and seek to test their hunches by gathering new information, (p. 135)Research in social psychology has found that inferential decisions are frequently characterized by systematic error. Work by Snyder and his colleagues (Snyder & Campbell, 1980;Snyder, Campbell, & Preston, 1982;Snyder & Swann, 1978;Swann & Giuliano, 1987) has demonstrated that people are susceptible to a confirmatory bias in gathering information to test their hunches, or hypotheses, about others. Confirmatory bias is one of three hypothesis testing strategies that may characterize a perceiver's information search (Pepinsky & Pepinsky, 1954;Popper, 1959) and can be defined as a search for information that is consistent with the This article is based on Beth E. Haverkamp's doctoral dissertation, completed under the supervision of Jo-Ida C. Hansen at the

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 67%

Confirmatory bias in hypothesis testing for client-identified and counselor self-generated hypotheses.

Haverkamp¹

1993

Journal of Counseling Psychology

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“…The clients' reactions to the counseling interview were also seldom noted or discussed. Many new counselors also express little interest in working with clients who have career problems because they view career counseling as a stepchild of personal and social counseling and much prefer the role of psychological counselor, ironically because of its emphasis on affective/dynamic issues (Dorn, 1986;Pinkey & Jacobs, 1985).…”

Section: Caroline Manuele-adkins Is a Professor In The Department Of mentioning

confidence: 99%

Career Counseling Is Personal Counseling

Manuele-Adkins¹

1992

The Career Development Quart

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Despite many changes that have occurred in the field of career counseling, counselors continue to rely on models of counseling that emphasize the rational, informational aspects of career decision making. The author argues that career counselors need to pay more attention to the affective, psychological issues confronting clients with career problems. The impact of significant psychological variables that influence career decision making are discussed: developmental stages and tasks, identity formation and status, self‐concept, psychological needs, and internal barriers.

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“…Given the historic import and unique relationship of vocational counseling to counseling psychology, it is ironic that Tyler (1959) observed a tendency for psychologists working in counseling centers to view educational–vocational counseling as routine and less important than personal counseling. Since Brayfield (1961) and Samler (1964) expressed concerns that vocational emphases in counseling psychology were being devalued, additional studies have shown that vocational counseling has been termed dull by practitioners and that vocational clients were treated in a routine or secondary fashion by counselors who were not as disposed toward conducting careful intake evaluations with vocational clients as they were with clients with personal problems (Dorn, 1986; Graff & Maclean, 1970; Graff, Raque, & Danish, 1974; Melnick, 1975).…”

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confidence: 99%

Quality of counselors' intake evaluations as a function of client presenting concern.

Vargo-Moncier¹,

Jessell²

1995

Journal of Counseling Psychology

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The effects of type of client concern (vocational or personal–social) and its relationship to intake quality were investigated. University students (n = 90) presented vocational or personal concerns to intake counselors (n = 12) at 3 university counseling centers. Intakes of vocational cases were less lengthy, less useful–adequate, and less comprehensive than were intakes of personal cases. There was no difference in clients' ratings of the counseling relationship or of the quality of intakes. Counselors wrote moderately longer intakes of personal–social cases, which contained more information on personality dynamics, presenting problem, and history than did vocational intakes, which contained more on clients' interests and values.

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Needed: Competent, Confident, and Committed Career Counselors

Cited by 9 publications

References 6 publications

Confirmatory bias in hypothesis testing for client-identified and counselor self-generated hypotheses.

Confirmatory bias in hypothesis testing for client-identified and counselor self-generated hypotheses.

Career Counseling Is Personal Counseling

Quality of counselors' intake evaluations as a function of client presenting concern.

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