Neem Products for Protecting Field Cassava From Grasshopper Damage

Olaifa, J. I.; Adenuga, A. O.

doi:10.1017/s1742758400006111

Cited by 12 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…and Clavigralla tomentosicollis Stal. (Jackai & Oyediran 1991;Tanzubil 1991), Zonocerus variegatus L. (Olaifa & Adenuga 1988). However, Oparaeke et al (2000Oparaeke et al ( , 2001aOparaeke et al ( , 2002 reported the efficacies of African nutmeg, Monodora myristica and garlic, Allium sativum (L.) bulb extracts; clove, Syzigium aromaticum (Gaertn); cashew, Anacardium occidentale (L.) nutshell; West African black pepper, Piper guineense (Schum & Thonn) and Alligator pepper, Aframomum melegueta Roscoe extracts against thrips infesting cowpea flowers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Studies on insecticidal potential of extracts ofGmelina arboreaL. products for insect pests control on cowpea. 1. The legume flower bud thrips,Megalurothrips sjostedtiTrybom

Oparaeke

2006

Archives Of Phytopathology And Plant Protection

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The effects of weekly foliar application of extracts of Gmelina arborea (L.) fruits, bark and leaves on flower bud thrips, Megalurothrips sjostedti Trybom and the pod carrying capacity of cowpea variety SAMPEA 7, were investigated in field studies in the 1998 and 1999 cropping seasons. All the Gmelina extracts and the synthetic insecticide (Uppercott) caused significant a reduction of thrips on treated plots compared to the untreated check. However, no significant differences were observed on the number of thrips after the first two weeks of spraying and insect sampling between the fruits, bark extracts on one hand and Uppercott on the other in both seasons. This period corresponds to the period of high thrips number on this variety of cowpea planted in the northern Guinea savanna ecological zone of Nigeria. Pod density (a measure of the ability of insecticides to control the population of thrips on field cowpea) observed in untreated plots was inferior to those in treated plots. Uppercott treated plots had superior pod density compared to plots sprayed with Gmelina extracts while the fruit extract produced superior number of pods among the other extracts treated plots.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Studies on insecticidal potential of extracts ofGmelina arboreaL. products for insect pests control on cowpea. 1. The legume flower bud thrips,Megalurothrips sjostedtiTrybom

Oparaeke

2006

Archives Of Phytopathology And Plant Protection

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“…The oil is also extracted traditionally by kneading and alternate wetting with hot water until the oil in the dough-like material begins to ooze out [76][77][78] .…”

Section: Decrease Of Adipokinetic Responsementioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Different Neem Products on the Mortality and Fitness of Adult Schistocerca gregaria (Forskal)

Al-Fifi

2009

sci

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Abstract. Various neem products were tested against resting and flying Schistocerca gregaria. Two of the products namely neem Azal-F and the unclarified neem oil were obtained from the Company Trifolio, whereas neem oil enriched and pure neem oil, were a gift of Prof. Schmutterer (University of Giessen). The treatment during flight activity caused, for all products applied an increase of the mortality rate, except the neem oil enriched and pure neem oil of Giessen, up to 70 and 90% respectively. The same products, however, sprayed on resting locusts did not show any remarkable mortality. But this treatment reduced the fitness of the locusts in terms of their flight performance, as well as their adipokinetic potency. In consequence of this, it is to expect that neem treated locusts will not be able to cover long distances. That means the lipid mobilizing system necessary to provide the flight muscles with "fuel" (lipids) is disturbed severely.

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“…The toxic constituents assayed included saponins, oxalates, tannins, phytates and hydrogen cyanide (Essien et al 1993). The physical, toxic and emulsifying properties of the powdered aqueous and alcoholic extracts of the ripe fruits of Tetrapleura tetraptera have been reported by Orafidiya et al (1994), Olaifa and Adenuga (1988). Based on the toxic properties, the main objectives of the study are therefore to evaluate the water extract of ripe and dried fruits of Tetrapleura tetraptera for its potential as fish poison and to determine the mortality rates of the different graded concentrations of the extract as well as observe behavioural changes in Clarias gariepinus fingerlings subjected to these graded concentrations.…”

mentioning

confidence: 90%

Toxicity and Behaviour of <i>Clarias Gariepinus</i> (Burchell, 1822) Fingerlings subjected to Piscicidal Plant Extract of Aidon <i>Tetrapleura Tetraptera</i>

Edet¹,

Ikpi²

2010

Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management

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ABSTRACT:The study was carried out to investigate the toxicity of water extract of Tetrapleura tetraptera fruits on catfish (Clarias gariepinus) fingerlings. The experiment was carried out under laboratory conditions for 96 hours with 30 fingerlings treated with each of the six graded concentrations (0g/300ml, 15g/300ml, 30g/300ml 45g/300ml, 60g/300ml and 75g/300ml) of dried fruits of Tetrapleura tetraptera. The study showed that the higher the concentration of the extract the higher the mortality of fingerlings while the toxicity of the extract reduced with time. Fifty percent mortality of the fingerlings was recorded at 24, 20 and 16 hours for 45g/300ml, 60g/300ml and 75g/300ml concentrations of extracts respectively. The result also showed that there were significant differences (P < 0.05) among the graded concentrations in relation to mortality of fingerlings while the LSD revealed that 45g/300ml, 60g/300ml and 75g/300ml concentrations of extract were not significantly different (P>0.05) in relation to mean mortality of fingerlings. The treated fingerlings were observed to show erratic swimming and loss of balance at high concentrations of extract. It is recommended that more studies be carried out on other parts of Tetrapleura tetraptera and their effect on different fish species. @ JASEM In extensive and semi-intensive aquacultural practices, a common problem is the presence of wild and unwanted organisms. Typical examples are frogs, mollusks, insect larvae and fish weeds. A conventional means of eradicating these unwanted organisms is the application of synthetic compounds called biocides. Examples are sodium cyanide, not often recommended because of their toxicity to fish and other aquatic species as well as humans. Most of thee biocides contaminate the environment and their application is unfriendly. Derris root powder, a derivative of a plant (Derris elliptica) is the most popular pesticide used in aquacultural practices to eradicate unwanted fish. This biodegradable extract is expensive and unaffordable by majority of fish farmers in Nigeria. It is therefore, of considerable interest to investigate other plants derived pesticides which are not only available but also cheap, effective and biodegradable that could substitute for derris root powder. These qualities are possessed by some local plants in Nigeria thus they have a role to play in the eradication of wild, resident species of fish from aquacultural ponds prior to stocking because many of these species prey on or compete with fry and fingerlings of desired fish species. Some indigenous plant species in Nigeria with piscicidal potentials have been reported by Obot (1996). These include Cassia alata, Erythrophloem ivorensis, Omphalocarpum elatum and Piptadenastrum africanum. Others are Albizia ferruginea, Albizia adianthifolia, Strychnos aculeata and Tetrapleura tetraptera (commonly called Aidon). These species are all used as local fish poisons in different parts of Nigeria. Tetrapleura tetraptera (Schum and Thonn) Taub is a tropical rainforest ...

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Neem Products for Protecting Field Cassava From Grasshopper Damage

Cited by 12 publications

References 2 publications

Studies on insecticidal potential of extracts ofGmelina arboreaL. products for insect pests control on cowpea. 1. The legume flower bud thrips,Megalurothrips sjostedtiTrybom

Studies on insecticidal potential of extracts ofGmelina arboreaL. products for insect pests control on cowpea. 1. The legume flower bud thrips,Megalurothrips sjostedtiTrybom

Effect of Different Neem Products on the Mortality and Fitness of Adult Schistocerca gregaria (Forskal)

Toxicity and Behaviour of <i>Clarias Gariepinus</i> (Burchell, 1822) Fingerlings subjected to Piscicidal Plant Extract of Aidon <i>Tetrapleura Tetraptera</i>

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