Negative emotion as predictor of relapse in persons with schizophrenia living in board and care homes

Abstract

Negative emotion exhibited by the board and care providers toward residents, resident behavior, medication dosage, medication noncompliance, and gender were used to predict resident relapse over a 6-month period. Relapse was defined as movement to a higher, more intensive level of care. Eighty-four residents with a diagnosis of chronic schizophrenia disorder, living in board and care homes in the Fresno, California, area participated in the study. Board and care providers were interviewed using Kreisman's Patient Rejection Scale and Gurel's Behavior Rating Scale. Neither patient rejection nor resident behavior was predictive of relapse; however, medication noncompliance did predict relapse with the male residents and lower medication dose predicted relapse with the female residents. Rejection of the patient by the board and care operator was found to correlate .73 and .64 with negative behavior of the male and female residents respectively. Implications of these results for expressed emotion research were discussed.

The Role of Expressed Emotion in Relationships Between Psychiatric Staff and People With a Diagnosis of Psychosis: A Review of the Literature

“…These assess EE from either the staff member's own perspective, from the patient's perspective, or have parallel staff versoin and patient versions. Staff rated measures include the Patient Rejection Scale (PRS 31 ) used in 4 studies; 10,11,13,14 and the Nurse Attitude Scale (NAS) used in 2 studies by the authors. 15,16 The PRS is a brief 11item self-report scale, which assesses hostility and rejecting responses.…”

“…However, only 4 studies have used naturalistic prospective designs to investigate associations between high EE and relapse in staff samples. 10,11,22,28 Three studies have also used prospective designs to predict discharge rates. 11,22,29 Ball et al 22 compared outcomes in 2 hostels, characterized by high and low EE.…”

“…10,11,22,28 Three studies have also used prospective designs to predict discharge rates. 11,22,29 Ball et al 22 compared outcomes in 2 hostels, characterized by high and low EE. Symptom profiles and relapse rates were the same in both residences.…”

What Works? Toward a New Classification System for Mental Health Supported Accommodation Services: The Simple Taxonomy for Supported Accommodation (STAX-SA)

“…Non-English language papers were excluded to ensure faithful application of the taxonomies. The final pool consisted of 132 service descriptions across 101 papers (quantitative: 95 service descriptions across 72 papers; qualitative: 37 service descriptions across 29 papers) [19,20,21,22,23,24,25,26,27,28,29,30,31,32,33,34,35,36,37,38,39,40,41,42,43,44,45,46,47,48,49,50,51,52,53,54,55,56,57,58,59,60,61,62,63,64,65,66,67,68,69,70,71,72,73,74,75,76,77,78,79,80,81,82,83,84,85,86,…”

Expressed Emotion in relationships between staff and patients in forensic services: Changes in relationship status at 12 month follow‐up

“…As expected, staff also express criticism, and at times, hostility and over-involvement in relation to patients (Finnema, Louwerens, Sloof, & van den Bosch, 1996;Oliver & Kuipers, 1996;Snyder, Wallace, Moe, & Liberman, 1994;Stark & Siol, 1994). Clinicians have recommended and/or evaluated the implementation of psychoeducational interventions as relevant to the work of professional carers, particularly of patients with long-term mental health needs (Charlesworth, Sacks, Templer, & Thackrey, 1993;Corrigan & McCracken, 1995;Drake & Osher, 1987;Higson & Kavanagh, 1988;Kuipers, 1994Kuipers, , 1998Shepherd, 1998;Willets & Leff, 1997). Although there are areas of overlap across caring and family roles, there are also important differences.…”