Negative self-appraisals in treatment-seeking survivors of motor vehicle accidents

Karl, Anke; Rabe, Sirko; Zöllner, Tanja; Maercker, Andreas; Stopa, Lusia

doi:10.1016/j.janxdis.2009.03.001

Cited by 49 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Negative cognitions regarding the Self was the strongest independent predictor across the analyses which is consistent with earlier studies (Dorfel et al, 2008;Hatcher et al, 2009;Karl et al, 2009) that have considered the roles of appraisals in PTSD. However much of this previous work featured participants who had experienced road traffic accidents.…”

supporting

confidence: 89%

Support for the location of negative posttraumatic cognitions in the diagnosis of posttraumatic stress disorder

Hiskey

Ayres

Andrews

et al. 2015

Personality and Individual Differences

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supporting

confidence: 89%

Support for the location of negative posttraumatic cognitions in the diagnosis of posttraumatic stress disorder

Hiskey

Ayres

Andrews

et al. 2015

Personality and Individual Differences

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“…Negative self-appraisals seem to determine the presence of PTSD symptoms (Karl, Rabe, Zöllner, Maercker, & Stopa, 2009;O'Donnell, Elliott, Wolfgang, & Creamer, 2007), and considering the trauma central to one's identity leads to greater PTSD severity (Berntsen & Rubin, 2006;Robinaugh & McNally, 2011). Furthermore, negative cognitions about oneself and one's PTSD symptoms can create a vicious cognitive-symptomatic cycle (Shahar, Noyman, Schnidel-Allon, & Gilboa-Schechtman, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cognitive restructuring and imagery modification for posttraumatic stress disorder (CRIM-PTSD): A pilot study

Müller‐Engelmann

Steil

2017

Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry

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“…Understanding negative appraisals is critical because they appear to be highly correlated with post traumatic pathology (Smith & Bryant, 2000; Warda & Bryant, 1998; Foa et al, 1999; Ehring et al, 2006, Hatcher et al, 2009; Moser et al, 2007; Karl et al, 2009; Agar, et al, 2006) and have been shown to predict subsequent PTSD (O’Donnell et al, 2007; Kleim et al, 2007; Ehring et al, 2008; Engelhard et al, 2009; Dunmore et al, 1999; Ehlers et al, 1998; Ehlers et al, 2003; Engelhard et al, 2002). In recognition of the central quality of these negative expectancies, the proposed revisions to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual for the 5 th edition include the following proposed symptom, “Persistent and exaggerated negative expectations about one’s self, others, or the world.”…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Negative expectancies in posttraumatic stress disorder: Neurophysiological (N400) and behavioral evidence

Kimble

Batterink

Marks

et al. 2012

Journal of Psychiatric Research

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Background Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a disorder that theoretically and clinically is thought to be associated with persistent and exaggerated negative expectancies. This study used the N400 event-related potential (ERP) to investigate expectancies for threatening endings to ambiguous sentence stems. The N400 ERP is thought to reflect the amount of effort required to integrate a stimulus into a given context. In sentence reading tasks, the N400 is reliably larger when a word is unexpected. Method In this study, fifty-seven trauma survivors of various types (22 with PTSD and 35 without) read ambiguous sentence stems on a computer screen. These sentence stems were completed with either an expected (“The unfortunate man lost his…wallet”), unexpected (“The unfortunate man lost his…artist”), or threatening word endings (“The unfortunate man lost his…leg”). Results Participants with PTSD, as compared to those without, showed significantly smaller N400s to threatening sentence endings suggesting enhanced expectancies for threat. Behavioral responses supported this conclusion. Conclusions These findings are consistent with the clinical presentation of hypervigilance and proposed revisions to the DSM-V that emphasize persistent and exaggerated negative expectations about one’s self, others, or the world. Relative to earlier behavioral studies, this work further suggests that this expectancy bias occurs automatically and at the early stages of information processing. The discussion focuses on the potential impact of a negative expectancy bias in PTSD and the value of the ambiguous sentence paradigm for studying PTSD as well as other disorders.

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Negative self-appraisals in treatment-seeking survivors of motor vehicle accidents

Cited by 49 publications

References 24 publications

Support for the location of negative posttraumatic cognitions in the diagnosis of posttraumatic stress disorder

Support for the location of negative posttraumatic cognitions in the diagnosis of posttraumatic stress disorder

Cognitive restructuring and imagery modification for posttraumatic stress disorder (CRIM-PTSD): A pilot study

Negative expectancies in posttraumatic stress disorder: Neurophysiological (N400) and behavioral evidence

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