Negligible interaction of [Ru(Phen)3]2+ with human serum albumin makes it promising for a reliable in vivo assessment of the tissue oxygenation

Influence of Oxidative Stress on Time-Resolved Oxygen Detection by [Ru(Phen)3]2+ In Vivo and In Vitro

“…Hypoxic conditions applied to certain cells of the CAM may induce the fatal effect. This is of importance since the luminescence lifetime of [Ru(Phen) 3 ] 2+ in the presence of DNA is longer than in aqueous solution, and comparable with the values obtained in the absence of oxygen [10,11]. CAM cells suffering from acute hypoxia are more likely to become necrotic [34].…”

“…The luminescence properties of [Ru(Phen) 3 ] 2+ were previously described [3,7,8,10,32]. As a small molecule, [Ru(Phen) 3 ] 2+ leaks out of the vessels and remains in the interstitial space of blood vessel cells [3].…”

“…However, straight nuclear localization of [Ru(Phen) 3 ] 2+ was observed in damaged cells due to the increased permeability of their membrane [7,9]. Interaction with DNA increases the [Ru(Phen) 3 ] 2+ luminescence intensity as well as its luminescence lifetimes [10,11]. Therefore, [Ru(Phen) 3 ] 2+ is considered as an interesting oxygen-sensitive molecule, mainly to probe the oxygen level in extracellular compartments and solutions.…”

Excited State Dynamics of Isocyano Rhenium(I) Phenanthroline Complexes from Time‐Resolved Spectroscopy

“…Except for slight shifting of the Raman shifts, the Raman bands in the spectrum of 1 (1650–400 cm −1 ) are similar to those of the free phen ligand (Figure ), which suggested that the major Raman bands of 1 are originated from the phen ligand . As with other phenanthroline complexes, [Cu(phen) 2 ][BF 4 ], [Fe(phen) 3 ](SO 4 ), Fe(phen) 2 (SCN) 2 and [Ru(phen) 3 ] 2+ , these bands are shifted to higher wavenumbers compared to the corresponding bands of the free ligands. With reference to a previous Raman spectroscopic study of the coordination compounds with phen ligand, the ring deformation mode of phen at around 720 cm −1 is the most sensitive band to the strength of the metal‐phen interactions.…”

“…The Raman shift of these bands in 1 – 4 are similar to those of Fe(II), Ru(II) and Ni(II) but much higher than those of Cu(I) and Ag(I), indicating the interactions between Re and phen are similar to those of Fe(II), Ru(II) and Ni(II). Notably, the major Raman bands of 1 in the 1600–600 cm −1 region are almost identical compared to those of [Ru(phen) 3 ] 2+ , suggesting the close resemblance of the M‐phen coordination in these complex systems.…”