Nematicidal Activity of (E,E)-2,4-Decadienal and (E)-2-Decenal from Ailanthus altissima against Meloidogyne javanica

Abstract

Methanol extracts of various plant parts of Ailanthus altissima were tested against the root knot nematode Meloidogyne javanica . Extracts of bark (ABE), wood (AWE), roots (ARE), and leaves (ALE) from A. altissima were investigated against freshly hatched second-stage juveniles (J(2)). AWE was the most active extract, with EC(50/3d) of 58.9 mg/L, while ALE, ARE, and ABE did not show nematicidal activity. The chemical composition of the extracts of A. altissima was determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, and (E,E)-2,4-decadienal, (E)-2-undecenal, (E)-2-decenal, hexanal, nonanal, and furfural were the most prominent constituents. (E,E)-2,4-Decadienal, (E)-2-decenal, and furfural showed the highest nematicidal activity against M. javanica , with EC(50/1d) = 11.7, 20.43, and 21.79 mg/L, respectively, while the other compounds were inactive at the concentrations tested. The results obtained showed that AWE and its constituents (E,E)-2,4-decadienal and (E)-2-decenal could be considered as potent botanical nematicidal agents.

Nematicidal activity of acetophenones and chalcones against Meloidogyne incognita and structure–activity considerations

“…Thirty chalcones were designed and six acetophenones were selected on the basis of our previous bioactivity results for assay of their nematicidal activity. The considerable toxicological activity of these 36 compounds against M. incognita indicates that these substances could potentially serve as integrated pest management tools.…”

“…Notwithstanding the fact that plant secondary metabolites have not managed to reach the market yet, they have gained much scientific interest in recent years for their ability to control soil nematodes sustainably . On the basis of our recent research results, plant secondary metabolites belonging to the chemical groups of the α , β ‐unsaturated aldehydes, ketones, lactones and isothiocyanates show significant activity against Meloidogyne species . Among the various types of chemically mediated plant resistance to nematodes, the most important is the production of toxins, followed by the lack of necessary compounds for nematode development in the host, lack of attraction and hypersensitivity .…”

Nematicidal activity of furanocoumarins from parsley againstMeloidogynespp.

“…Botanical nematicides have attracted considerable interest in recent years . Single nematicidal compounds could be used directly after purification of botanical extracts or can serve as prototypes in the chemical synthesis of nematicidal formulates, whereas the nematicidal botanical extracts could be produced and applied directly by the farmer on the field as an ecofriendly, cost‐effective nematode control method.…”

Review on Invasive Tree of Heaven (Ailanthus altissima (Mill.) Swingle) Conflicting Values: Assessment of Its Ecosystem Services and Potential Biological Threat

“…In the case of invasive alien plants, this is not an issue and collecting them can even provide income, especially for vulnerable groups in rural parts. Local plant Gambari and Lampronti (2006), Kowarik and Säumel (2007), Caboni et al (2012) Agriculture pharmaceutical use Heisey (1990aHeisey ( , 1996, Lawrence et al (1991), Heisey and Heisey (2003) (2012) Honey production Dalby (2000), Kowarik and Säumel (2007) Timber tree Hu (1979), Gill (2004), VDOF (2009), Brandner and Schickhofer (2010) Food for silk worms Hu (1979), Kowarik and Säumel (2007) Fuelwood and charcoal material Hu (1979), VDOF (2009), Barclay (2013) Paper production Baptista et al (2014) resources usage by human groups is crucial for ensuring sustainable ecosystem development (Pardo de Santayana and Macía 2015). For example, authors Quave and Pieroni (2015) suggest that wild plants have a crucial role for communities in rural area of Albania and its collection contributes to biodiversity conservation.…”