Nematode diversity of native species of Vitis in California

Abstract

From 1990 through 1992, nematodes were extracted from soil samples taken from the rhizosphere of native species of grapes from four areas of northern California and two areas of southern California. For comparison, samples from domestic grapes as well as a putative hybrid of Vitis californica and V. vinifera were also taken. Rhizosoil from California native grapevine contained many more species of nematodes than did soil obtained from cultivated forms of V. vinifera. Taxonomic and trophic diversity was much higher in nematodes from sampling sites from native grapes than in those from grapes maintained in vineyard situations. Ordination methods using correspondence analysis showed both similarities and differences in the faunal assemblages of nematodes from the different sampling sites, based on indexes of species and trophic groups. Collected data indicate that nematode communities with high trophic and taxonomic diversity have a lower numerical density of plant parasites. RQum6: De 1990 a la fin de 1992, des nematodes ont ete extraits d'echantillons de sol recueillis dans la rhizosphkre d'espkces indigknes de raisins, en quatre rCgions du nord et en deux rCgions du sud de la Californie. Pour fins de comparaison, des Cchantillons de raisins domestiques et d'un hybride soup~onne de Vitis californica x V. vinifera ont Cgalement CtC rCcoltCs. Le sol autour des racines des espkces indigknes de Californie contenait une faune beaucoup plus diversifiee de nCmatodes que le sol CchantillonnC autour des racines des formes cultivCes de V. vinifera. La diversit6 taxonomique et trophique des nkmatodes Ctait beaucoup plus ClevCe autour des racines de raisins indigknes que dans les entreprises vinicoles. Une mCthode d'ordination basCe sur l'analyse des correspondances a mis en lumikre des similaritCs et des diffkrences dans les associations de nkmatodes des diffkrents points dlCchantillonnage, d'aprks les indices relatifs aux espkces et aux groupes trophiques. Les donnCes recueillies indiquent que les communautCs de nCmatodes a diversit6 trophique et taxonomique ClevCe ont une densite numerique de parasites moins importante. [Traduit par la Ridaction]

How are nematode communities affected during a conversion from conventional to organic farming in southern French vineyards?

“…and Scutellonema spp. These nematodes are also the most abundant in vineyards in other studies (Al-Banna & Gardner, 1996;Zolda & Hánel, 2007;Ahallay et ai, 2009). In France, as in many other countries, the most dangerous nematodes for adult vineyards are Xiphinema spp., which transfers the grape fanleaf virus (GFLV).…”

On the identity ofEucephalobus oxyuroides(de Man, 1876) Steiner, 1936 (Rhabditida, Cephalobidae), with an updated taxonomy of the genus and notes about its phylogeny

“…The simple mention of Eucephalobus oxyuroides has been reported in many contributions that did not provide any other data, namely Schneider (1923 ; Germany), De Coninck (1930 ; Belgium), Franz (1943 ; Austria), Andrássy (1952, 1960, 1973 ; Hungary, China, respectively), Meyl (1954, 1955 ; Germany), Gadea (1967, 1984 ; Spain), Loof (1971 ; Norway), Palomo (1977 ; Spain), Coomans (1989 ; Belgium), Bussau (1990 ; Germany), Armendáriz et al, (1996 ; Spain), Al Banna and Gardner (1996 ; USA), Bushmakiu et al (2000 ; Moldova), Ferenc (2001 ; Hungary), Lišková and Renčo (2007 ; Slovakia), Carrión and Desgarennes (2012 ; Mexico), Gagarin (2018 ; Vietnam), and Shurkurovich and Akvarovna (2018 ; Uzbekistan).…”

“…The simple mention of Eucephalobus oxyuroides has been reported in many contributions that did not provide any other data, namely Schneider (1923;Germany), De Coninck (1930;Belgium), Franz (1943;Austria), Andrássy (1952Andrássy ( , 1960Andrássy ( , 1973; Hungary, China, respectively), Meyl (1954Meyl ( , 1955Germany), Gadea (1967Gadea ( , 1984Spain), Loof (1971;Norway), Palomo (1977;Spain), Coomans (1989;Belgium), Bussau (1990;Germany), Armendáriz et al, (1996;Spain), Al Banna and Gardner (1996…”