Neoadjuvant Immunotherapy: Leveraging the Immune System to Treat Early-Stage Disease

Mittendorf, Elizabeth A.; Burgers, F H; Haanen, John B.A.G.; Cascone, Tina

doi:10.1200/edbk_349411

Cited by 20 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 85 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…When considering neoadjuvant immunotherapy in breast cancer, for example, using the KEYNOTE-522 trial, it showed that even with the absence of pCR, treatment with pembrolizumab preoperatively for patients resulted in an immune response and delayed disease recurrence [28]. With neoadjuvant immunotherapy in bladder cancer, the reliability of pCR and correlation to overall survival is not known and will need to be determined over time after data for overall survival matures.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Perioperative Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer

Chhaya

Watts

et al. 2023

Oncol Ther

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objective: We aim to describe and highlight the current use of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in the muscle invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) treatment landscape, particularly focusing on the perioperative setting. We provide a comprehensive review of key trials of the use of ICI in the perioperative setting, discussing trial outcomes and limitations and reviewing the role of biomarkers. Introduction: ICIs have recently been integrated into the treatment algorithm for metastatic urothelial carcinoma. More than 30 published studies have investigated the role of these agents in the radical treatment of MIBC. Some studies have demonstrated conflicting results, affecting widespread adoption in clinical practice. Methods: We performed a narrative overview of the literature from databases including PubMed, MEDLINE, Embase, European society of Medical Oncology/American Society of Clinical Oncology Annual Proceedings, and clinicaltrials.gov databases up until December 2021. Discussion: We described the results of key trials in the neoadjuvant and adjuvant setting, some of the reasons for conflicting study results, and the implications for clinical practice. Relevant biomarkers in the field are discussed, alongside a brief overview of the immune microenvironment in bladder cancer. Conclusions: Perioperative ICIs have shown promising efficacy with low toxicity in the neoadjuvant setting. The two large trials in the adjuvant setting have been contradictory. The efficacy of perioperative ICIs combined with favorable tolerability and better toxicity profile compared with chemotherapy, with the

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Perioperative Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer

Chhaya

Watts

et al. 2023

Oncol Ther

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Immune checkpoint inhibitors are part of standard regimens to treat many advanced cancers and are used in the adjuvant and neoadjuvant settings for early stage diseases in multiple cancers 3,4,10,[28][29][30][31][32] . Immune-related adverse events are common complications from ICI, and there are few predictors of irAEs 33,34 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polygenic risk score for ulcerative colitis predicts immune checkpoint inhibitor-mediated colitis

Middha

Thummalapalli

Betti

et al. 2023

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are a remarkable advancement in cancer therapeutics; however, a substantial proportion of patients develop severe immune-related adverse events (irAEs). Understanding and predicting irAEs is the key to advancing precision immuno-oncology. Immune-mediated colitis (IMC) is a significant complication from ICI and can have life-threatening consequences. Genetic susceptibility to Crohns disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) may predispose to IMC, but the link is poorly understood. We developed and validated polygenic risk scores for CD (PRSCD) and UC (PRSUC) in cancer-free individuals and assessed the role of each of these PRSs on IMC in a cohort of 1,316 patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who received ICIs. Prevalence of all-grade IMC in our cohort is 4% (55 cases), and for severe IMC, 2.5% (32 cases). The PRSUCpredicted the development of all-grade IMC (HR=1.34 per standard deviation [SD], 95% CI=1.02-1.76, P=0.04) and severe IMC (HR=1.62 per SD, 95% CI=1.12-2.35, P=0.01). PRSCDwas not associated with IMC or severe IMC. This is a first study to demonstrate the potential clinical utility of a PRS for ulcerative colitis in identifying NSCLC patients receiving ICI at high risk of developing IMC, where risk reduction and close monitoring strategies could help improve overall patient outcomes.

show abstract

“…The advantages of the use of IO in the neoadjuvant setting have been previously reviewed [ 43 , 44 ]; these include (i) the opportunity to “debulk” tumors prior to surgical resection, (ii) giving treatment when there are higher levels of tumor antigens with gross disease still intact, and (iii) the opportunity to assess pathological response to treatment in the resected tissue. Furthermore, a preclinical study using syngeneic murine oral cavity carcinoma models showed that neoadjuvant, not adjuvant, anti-PD-1 treatment is capable of inducing anti-tumor immunologic memory responses [ 45 ].…”

Section: Radioimmunotherapy For La Hnsccmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combining Radiotherapy and Immunotherapy in Head and Neck Cancer

et al. 2023

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality globally. Despite significant advances in well-established treatment techniques, prognosis for advanced-stage HNSCC remains poor. Recent, accumulating evidence supports a role for immunotherapy in HNSCC treatment. Radiation therapy (RT), a standard treatment option for HNSCC, has immunomodulatory and immunostimulatory effects that may enhance the efficacy of immunotherapy. In several cancer types, combining RT and immunotherapy has been shown to improve tumor response rates, increase survival, and reduce toxicity compared to traditional chemotherapy and radiation therapy. This review provides a timely overview of the current knowledge on the use of RT and immunotherapy for treating HNSCC. It highlights the potential advantages of combining these therapies, such as improved tumor response rates, increased survival, and reduced toxicity. The review also discusses the challenges that need to be addressed when redefining the standard of care in HNSCC, and proposes further research to optimize treatment combinations, minimize radiation-induced toxicity, and identify suitable patient populations for treatment.

show abstract

Neoadjuvant Immunotherapy: Leveraging the Immune System to Treat Early-Stage Disease

Cited by 20 publications

References 85 publications

Role of Perioperative Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer

Role of Perioperative Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer

Polygenic risk score for ulcerative colitis predicts immune checkpoint inhibitor-mediated colitis

Combining Radiotherapy and Immunotherapy in Head and Neck Cancer

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About