In the ongoing process, economics has handled people's economic attitudes and decisions under some assumptions, but these assumptions have been insufficient to represent people over time. From an economic point of view, human behavior was first studied under the assumption of rationality. With the development of the limited rationality approach as a result of the criticisms brought to this assumption, the leading actor of economics, 'homo economicus', came into existence. This version of economic man, who maximizes his profit in any case, has full knowledge of the conditions and is consistent in his preferences, has lost its credibility as studies in the field have developed and invalidated these assumptions. As the studies on the subject developed, this version became homo technologicus, homo-biologicus, homo-phscologcus etc. It has been tried to be included in the economic life models by updating it with such expressions. However, with the development of the neuroeconomics approach, there has been a need to include the human brain in all these versions. The study was prepared by the method of literature review. In the first part of the study, the history of economics and the subject of human in the history of economics were investigated. In the second part, the existence of the concept of homo economicus in these processes and the decision-making mechanisms are mentioned. In the study, the field of Neuroeconomics was introduced and the Homo economicus assumption was evaluated in the light of the Neuroeconomics. In the conclusion part of the study, alternative concepts and the concept of homo neuroeconomicus are compared and evaluated.