Neolithic Houses and Chambered Tombs of Western France

Laporte, Luc; Tinévez, Jean-Yves

doi:10.1017/s0959774304000149

Cited by 20 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…This hypothesis would partly link the Neolithic transition in continental Europe to the emergence of the Atlantic megalithic tradition. It does not account for the variety of architectural forms adopted on the Atlantic seaboard of Europe, however, nor explain the genesis of the megalithic monuments as a whole , especially in Western France (Laporte et al, 2004). A link between the plan of LBK long houses and that of similarly trapezoidal Neolithic tombs in Northern Europe was first proposed by Childe (1949).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A link between the plan of LBK long houses and that of similarly trapezoidal Neolithic tombs in Northern Europe was first proposed by Childe (1949). Recent discoveries have considerably reduced the geographical and chronological distances between these elongated funerary monuments and the last LBK-derived long houses (Laporte et al, 2004). At Prissé, however, it is unclear whether the deposition of bodies in Chamber III is strictly related to the final long mound construction, because this passage grave was first surrounded by a circular structure.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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News from the west: Ancient DNA from a French megalithic burial chamber

Deguilloux

Soler²,

Pémonge

et al. 2010

American J Phys Anthropol

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Recent paleogenetic studies have confirmed that the spread of the Neolithic across Europe was neither genetically nor geographically uniform. To extend existing knowledge of the mitochondrial European Neolithic gene pool, we examined six samples of human skeletal material from a French megalithic long mound (c.4200 cal BC). We retrieved HVR-I sequences from three individuals and demonstrated that in the Neolithic period the mtDNA haplogroup N1a, previously only known in central Europe, was as widely distributed as western France. Alternative scenarios are discussed in seeking to explain this result, including Mesolithic ancestry, Neolithic demic diffusion, and long-distance matrimonial exchanges. In light of the limited Neolithic ancient DNA (aDNA) data currently available, we observe that all three scenarios appear equally consistent with paleogenetic and archaeological data. In consequence, we advocate caution in interpreting aDNA in the context of the Neolithic transition in Europe. Nevertheless, our results strengthen conclusions demonstrating genetic discontinuity between modern and ancient Europeans whether through migration, demographic or selection processes, or social practices.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

News from the west: Ancient DNA from a French megalithic burial chamber

Deguilloux

Soler²,

Pémonge

et al. 2010

American J Phys Anthropol

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“…In Neolithic studies across Europe, similarities in plan between houses and tombs have long been discussed (e.g. Childe, 1949;Hodder, 1992;Laporte & Tinevez, 2004) but the role of art within such relationships has been largely ignored. A significant number of 'passage tomb art' motifs has recently been found within Late Neolithic stone houses in Orkney (Thomas, 2016), which opens up new perspectives.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

What Are Bucrania Doing in Tombs? Art and Agency in Neolithic Sardinia and Traditional South-East Asia

Robin¹

2017

Eur. j. archaeol.

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The interior of Neolithic tombs in Europe is frequently decorated with carved and painted motifs. In Sardinia (Italy), 116 rock-cut tombs have their walls covered with bucrania (schematic depictions of cattle head and horns), which have long been interpreted as representations of a bull-like divinity. This article reviews similar examples of bucranium 'art' in the tombs of three traditional societies in South-East Asia, focusing on the agency of the motifs and their roles within social relationships between the living, the dead, and the spiritual world. From these ethnographic examples and the archaeological evidence in Sardinia, it is suggested that bucrania in Neolithic tombs were a specialised form of material culture that had multiple, cumulative effects and functions associated with social display, memory, reproduction, death, and protection.

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“…Son plan, les dimensions relatives de chacune de ses parties, comme son élévation interne, peuvent être rapprochés du plan des grands bâtiments domestiques fouillés à Pléchâtel (Laporte, Tinévez, 2004). La présence d'une cella adventice construite en arrière de la dalle de chevet de nombreux dolmens en allée couverte, parfois richement décorée comme à Trébeurden (Giot et al, 1998), rappelle le porche monumental de ces mêmes bâtiments de Pléchâtel (Tinevez, 2004). Dans le nord de la France, la présence d'un puits cuvelé au centre du porche d'entrée du grand bâtiment d' Houplin-Ancoisne (Praud et al, 2007), occupe la place de riches dépôts enterrés de céramiques et de haches polies dans le vestibule des dolmens en allée couverte enterrés de Picardie, construits en pierre ou en bois (Laporte, à paraître a).…”

Section: La Maison Des Mortsunclassified

Mégalithismes en France. Nouveaux acquis et nouvelles perspectives de recherche

Laporte¹,

Jallot²,

Sohn³

2011

galip

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Mots-clés. Dolmen, menhir, Néolithique, mobilier funéraire, pratique funéraire. Résumé. Le mégalithisme en France est un phénomène de longue durée, car il couvre près de trois millénaires, et d'une telle complexité que nul ne peut prétendre le résumer en quelques pages. Enrichie ces dernières décennies par de nouvelles recherches de terrain et par des synthèses thématiques ou régionales, l'étude du mégalithisme a vu ses angles d'approche renouvelés. À la lumière de ces travaux, cet article propose de faire table rase d'un certain nombre d'idées reçues, en insistant avant tout sur la complexité des pratiques funéraires et la non-linéarité de l'évolution des architectures mégalithiques. Chaque monument, aujourd'hui ruiné, est le fruit d'un ou plusieurs projets architecturaux, au sens propre du terme. Parallèlement, la mise en oeuvre du chantier suppose une succession d'actes techniques qui méritent également d'être étudiés en détail, un peu à l'image de ce que nos collègues médiévistes nomment « l'archéologie du bâti ». Nous avons souhaité également mettre l'accent sur la nécessité d'aborder le mégalithisme aussi bien sous l'angle des architectures que sous celui des mobiliers funéraires et des restes humains (lorsqu'ils sont conservés), ces trois aspects étant souvent intimement imbriqués. Enfin, le monument mégalithique mérite d'être compris dans son espace, l'espace funéraire au sens large, mais aussi l'espace sépulcral. Dès lors, une multitude d'interrogations et de nombreuses nouvelles pistes de recherche apparaissent. Le mégalithisme n'est pas un sujet désuet mais novateur, pour lequel beaucoup reste à faire.

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Neolithic Houses and Chambered Tombs of Western France

Cited by 20 publications

References 35 publications

News from the west: Ancient DNA from a French megalithic burial chamber

News from the west: Ancient DNA from a French megalithic burial chamber

What Are Bucrania Doing in Tombs? Art and Agency in Neolithic Sardinia and Traditional South-East Asia

Mégalithismes en France. Nouveaux acquis et nouvelles perspectives de recherche

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