Neonatal outcome after vitrified day 3 embryo transfers: a preliminary study

Raju, Gottumukkala Achyuta Rama; Prakash, G. Jaya; Krishna, Kota Murali; Madan, K.

doi:10.1016/j.fertnstert.2008.05.014

Cited by 44 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…The pregnancy and perinatal outcomes observed in all four groups of our study, as a whole, are consistent with previous studies of day 3 vitrified-thawed embryo transfer [Liu et al 2013;Rama Raju 2009;Shi et al 2012]. In those studies, as in ours, no significant differences between regimens were observed in the mean gestational week, birth weight, ratio for singleton and twins, congenital birth defects rate, neonatal mortality rate, still birth rate, or cerebral palsy rate in singletons.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

A modified natural cycle results in higher live birth rate in vitrified-thawed embryo transfer for women with regular menstruation

Guan

Fan

Styer

et al. 2016

Systems Biology in Reproductive Medicine

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(2016) A modified natural cycle results in higher live birth rate in vitrified-thawed embryo transfer for women with regular menstruation, Systems Biology in Reproductive Medicine, 62:5, 335-342, DOI: 10.1080/19396368.2016 To link to this article: https://doi.org/10. 1080/19396368.2016 There is no consensus regimen for the optimal endometrial preparation for cryopreservation and vitrified-thawed embryo transfer cycles. This is largely caused by the lack of sufficient investigation and analyses on the respective pregnancy and perinatal outcomes by different regimens. This study aimed to compare both pregnancy and perinatal outcomes between the modified natural and artificial cycles in vitrified-thawed day three embryo transfer for women with regular menstruation. A total of 1,482 vitrified-thawed day three embryo transfer cycles were reviewed including 427 modified natural cycles (NC), 132 ovulation induction cycles (OC), 794 artificial cycles (AC), and 129 GnRH agonist artificial cycles (GAC). The primary outcome that was evaluated was live birth rate. The NC regimen demonstrated a higher rate of ongoing pregnancy (43.8% vs. 30.2%, P = 0.002) and a lower rate of late abortion (2.8% vs. 14.0%, P = 0.003) than the GAC regimen as well as a higher implantation rate (31.9% vs. 27.1%, P = 0.008) and live birth rate (43.1% vs. 34.1%, P = 0.002) than the AC regimen. A significantly higher peak endometrial thickness before transfer was observed in patients using the NC and GAC regimens (10.0 ± 1.7, 9.9 ± 2.4) compared to the AC regimens (9.2 ± 1.5, P = 0.000). Multivariate logistic regression showed that the NC protocol was associated with a higher live birth rate. There were no significant differences in rates of pregnancy complications, neonatal mortality, birth defects, mean birth weight, and other perinatal outcomes among the regimens. Modified natural cycle endometrial preparation regimen for vitrified-thawed day three embryo transfer is associated with superior live birth pregnancy outcomes compared to artificial cycles. Future studies are warranted to investigate the underlying biologic mechanisms of these findings.Abbreviations ART: assisted reproductive technology; BMI: body mass index; FET: frozen-thawed embryo transfer; HCG: human chorionic gonadotropin; IVF: in-vitro fertilization; IVF-ET: in-vitro fertilization and embryo transfer; OHSS: ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome; RCTs: randomized controlled trials ARTICLE HISTORY

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

A modified natural cycle results in higher live birth rate in vitrified-thawed embryo transfer for women with regular menstruation

Guan

Fan

Styer

et al. 2016

Systems Biology in Reproductive Medicine

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“…The miscarriage rate (the proportion of miscarriages in all clinical pregnancies) in the slow-freezing group was higher (29 vs 15.7 %), especially in the case of single embryo transfers. The miscarriage rate were higher than presented in previous studies in the case of day 3 FET cycles by Liu et al (12.6 vs 12.1 %) or Rama Raju et al (7.71 vs 9.24 %) [21,24], but it did not differ from the results of a study on the miscarriage rate after fresh embryo transfers (17.4-22.2 %) in PCO and tubal infertility [25]. The most common reason for early pregnancy miscarriages is the chromosomal abnormalities irrespective the mode of fertilization (spontaneous or ART) [26][27][28].…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 57%

The freezing method of cleavage stage embryos has no impact on the weight of the newborns

Kaartinen

Kananen²,

Huhtala

et al. 2016

J Assist Reprod Genet

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Purpose The aim of this study was to study the effect of the embryo freezing method on the birth weight of newborns from frozen embryo transfer (FET) cycles, and the pregnancy results of cleavage stage embryos cryopreserved by slow freezing or vitrification. Methods This is a retrospective cohort study undertaken in a University Hospital IVF unit using concurrently both the slow-freezing and the vitrification techniques. All frozenthawed and vitrified-warmed day 2 and day 3 embryo transfers during the time period from 1 April 2009 to 31 November 2013 were included in the study. Results There was no statistically significant weight difference between newborns from vitrified or slow-frozen embryos (3588 vs 3670 g). A higher post-thaw viability rate was achieved after cryopreservation by the vitrification technique compared to the slow-freezing protocol (83.4 vs 61.4 %). The miscarriage rate was lower in the vitrification group (15.7 vs 29.0 %). The live birth rates were similar (19.5 vs 19.1 %) in the slow-freezing and vitrification groups, respectively. Among vitrified embryos, 7.4 embryos needed to be thawed to produce one delivery; in the slow-freezing group, that number was 11.9. Conclusions The freezing method has no impact on the weight of the newborn.With lower post-thaw survival rates and higher miscarriage rates, the slow-freezing cryopreservation protocol is inferior to the vitrification technique.

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“…Until now, vitrification has been widely used for the cryopreservation of human oocytes [18,24,25], in vitro matured oocytes [26,27] pronuclear stage , cleavage stage [5,7,14,18,[29][30][31][32][33][34], or blastocyst-stage [8,18,[35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42]. However there are few publications that show clinical data on the basis of vitrification versus slow freezing, especially for the cleavage stage [5,8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vitrification versus slow freezing gives excellent survival, post warming embryo morphology and pregnancy outcomes for human cleaved embryos

Valojerdi

Eftekhari‐Yazdi

Karimian

et al. 2009

J Assist Reprod Genet

152

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Purpose The objective of this retrospective study was to evaluate the efficacy of vitrification and slow freezing for the cryopreservation of human cleavage stage embryos in terms of post-warming survival rate, post-warming embryo morphology and clinical outcomes. Methods The embryos of 305 patients at cleavage stages were cryopreserved either with vitrification (153 patients) or slow-freezing (152 patients) methods. After warming; the survival rate, post-warmed embryo morphology, clinical pregnancy and implantation rates were evaluated and compared between the two groups. Result(s) In the vitrification group versus slow freezing group, the survival rate (96.9% vs. 82.8%) and the postwarmed excellent morphology with all blastomeres intact (91.8% vs. 56.2%) were higher with an odds ratio of 6.607 (95% confidence interval; 4.184-10.434) and 8.769 (95% confidence interval; 6.460-11.904), respectively. In this group, the clinical pregnancy rate (40.5% vs. 21.4%) and the implantation rate (16.6% vs. 6.8%) were also higher with an odds ratio of 2.427 (95%confidence interval; 1.461-4.033) and 2.726 (95% confidence interval; 1.837-4.046), respectively. Conclusion(s) Vitrification in contrast to slow freezing is an efficient method for cryopreservation of human cleavage stage embryos. Vitrification provides a higher survival rate, minimal deleterious effects on post-warming embryo morphology and it can improve clinical outcomes.

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Neonatal outcome after vitrified day 3 embryo transfers: a preliminary study

Cited by 44 publications

References 18 publications

A modified natural cycle results in higher live birth rate in vitrified-thawed embryo transfer for women with regular menstruation

A modified natural cycle results in higher live birth rate in vitrified-thawed embryo transfer for women with regular menstruation

The freezing method of cleavage stage embryos has no impact on the weight of the newborns

Vitrification versus slow freezing gives excellent survival, post warming embryo morphology and pregnancy outcomes for human cleaved embryos

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