Nervous system involvement in systemic lupus erythematosus

Gibson, Thomas; Myers, Allen R.

doi:10.1136/ard.35.5.398

Cited by 189 publications

(85 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Other disorders that could produce hemiparesis (i.e., cerebral abscess) were present in some of the patients. 31 For these reasons and because some studies included only SLE patients with "neuropsychiatric manifestations," the frequency of stroke in SLE cannot be determined from these studies. A higher frequency of strokes is reported in autopsy studies 57 -20 and would not be expected to represent the frequency of stroke in the general SLE population.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Frequency, etiology, and prevention of stroke in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus.

Futrell

Millikan

1989

Stroke

182

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We retrospectively and prospectively reviewed the incidence of stroke in 105 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Stroke occurred in 14 (15%) of 91 consecutive patients with documented SLE; nine (64%) of the 14 had multiple cerebral infarcts. Factors associated with stroke and the frequency of stroke were systemic thrombosis (30%), elevated partial thromboplastin time (36%), spontaneous abortion (50%), age over 60 years (57%), transient ischemic attacks (57%), previous stroke (64%), and cardiac valvular disease (86%).

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Frequency, etiology, and prevention of stroke in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus.

Futrell

Millikan

1989

Stroke

182

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“…Neuropsychiatric involvement in systemic lupus erythematosus (NPSLE) is a serious complication of the disease (1,2). Bluestein et al demonstrated that IgG antineuronal antibodies (anti-N) were present in much higher concentrations in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of patients with active NPSLE than in the CSF of SLE patients without active neuropsychiatric manifestations (3).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of cerebrospinal fluid anti–NR2 glutamate receptor antibodies with diffuse neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus

Arinuma¹,

Yanagida²,

Hirohata³

2008

Arthritis & Rheumatism

224

130

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Results. Purified anti-NR2 bound to the surface of SK-N-MC cells. Levels of anti-NR2 antibodies in CSF were significantly elevated in patients with diffuse NPSLE compared with levels in control patients or those with focal NPSLE, whereas there were no significant differences in serum anti-NR2 levels among the 3 groups. In 31 of the 38 patients with diffuse NPSLE (81.6%) and 8 of the 18 patients with focal NPSLE (44.4%), CSF anti-NR2 levels were more than 3 SD above the mean level in the control patients (P ‫؍‬ 0.0120 by chi-square test). Conclusion.These results indicate that anti-NR2 is a constituent of antineuronal antibodies and, more importantly, that anti-NR2 antibodies in CSF, but not in serum, are associated with diffuse NPSLE.

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“…It is important to realize that vasculitis is rare in SLE and that most vascular complications are related to thrombosis [219,220]. The absence of vasculitic changes is particularly striking in NPSLE [221].…”

Section: Neuropsychiatric Systemic Lupus Erythematosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Immune Mediated Diseases and Immune Modulation in the Neurocritical Care Unit

Geldern¹,

McPharlin

Becker

2012

Neurotherapeutics

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This chapter will review the spectrum of immunemediated diseases that affect the nervous system and may result in an admission to the neurological intensive care unit. Immunomodulatory strategies to treat acute exacerbations of neurological diseases caused by aberrant immune responses are discussed, but strategies for long-term immunosuppression are not presented. The recommendations for therapeutic intervention are based on a synthesis of the literature, and include recommendations by the Cochrane Collaborative, the American Academy of Neurology, and other key organizations. References from recent publications are provided for the disorders and therapies in which randomized clinical trials and large evidenced-based reviews do not exist. The chapter concludes with a brief review of the mechanisms of action, dosing, and side effects of commonly used immunosuppressive strategies in the neurocritical care unit.

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Nervous system involvement in systemic lupus erythematosus

Cited by 189 publications

References 28 publications

Frequency, etiology, and prevention of stroke in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus.

Frequency, etiology, and prevention of stroke in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus.

Association of cerebrospinal fluid anti–NR2 glutamate receptor antibodies with diffuse neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus

Immune Mediated Diseases and Immune Modulation in the Neurocritical Care Unit

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