Net effect of environmental fluctuations in multiple global-change drivers across the tree of life

Cabrerizo, Marco J.; Marañón, Emilio

doi:10.1073/pnas.2205495119

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 80 publications

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“…Leaf conductance and stomatal behavior are known to vary across environmental conditions and species (Jones et al 2009 ; Cabrerizo and Marañón 2022 ). Through the characterization of species-specific leaf conductance, researchers can gain valuable insights into the functional traits and adaptations that contribute to the successful adaptation of plants in diverse environments (Mott and Buckley 2000 ; Franks et al 2009 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Accurate photosynthetic parameter estimation at low stomatal conductance: effects of cuticular conductance and instrumental noise

Hussain,

Stinziano,

Pierre

et al. 2024

Photosynth Res

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Accurate estimation of photosynthetic parameters is essential for understanding plant physiological limitations and responses to environmental factors from the leaf to the global scale. Gas exchange is a useful tool to measure responses of net CO2 assimilation (A) to internal CO2 concentration (Ci), a necessary step in estimating photosynthetic parameters including the maximum rate of carboxylation (Vcmax) and the electron transport rate (Jmax). However, species and environmental conditions of low stomatal conductance (gsw) reduce the signal-to-noise ratio of gas exchange, challenging estimations of Ci. Previous works showed that not considering cuticular conductance to water (gcw) can lead to significant errors in estimating Ci, because it has a different effect on total conductance to CO2 (gtc) than does gsw. Here we present a systematic assessment of the need for incorporating gcw into Ci estimates. In this study we modeled the effect of gcw and of instrumental noise and quantified these effects on photosynthetic parameters in the cases of four species with varying gsw and gcw, measured using steady-state and constant ramping techniques, like the rapid A/Ci response method. We show that not accounting for gcw quantitatively influences Ci and the resulting Vcmax and Jmax, particularly when gcw exceeds 7% of the total conductance to water. The influence of gcw was not limited to low gsw species, highlighting the importance of species-specific knowledge before assessing A/Ci curves. Furthermore, at low gsw instrumental noise can affect Ci estimation, but the effect of instrumental noise can be minimized using constant-ramping rather than steady-state techniques. By incorporating these considerations, more precise measurements and interpretations of photosynthetic parameters can be obtained in a broader range of species and environmental conditions.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Accurate photosynthetic parameter estimation at low stomatal conductance: effects of cuticular conductance and instrumental noise

Hussain,

Stinziano,

Pierre

et al. 2024

Photosynth Res

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The predictability of fluctuating environments shapes the thermal tolerance of marine ectotherms and compensates narrow safety margins

Fusi,

Barausse,

Booth

et al. 2024

Sci Rep

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Aquatic species living in productive coastal habitats with abundant primary producers have evolved in highly dynamic diel and seasonally fluctuating environments in terms of, for example, water temperature and dissolved oxygen. However, how environmental fluctuations shape the thermal tolerance of marine species is still poorly understood. Here we hypothesize that the degree of predictability of the diel environmental fluctuations in the coastal area can explain the thermal response of marine species. To test this hypothesis, we measured the thermal tolerance of 17 species of marine ectotherm from tropical, warm temperate and cold temperate latitudes under two levels of oxygen (around saturation and at supersaturation), and relate the results to their site-specific temperature and oxygen fluctuation and their environmental predictability. We demonstrate that oxygen and temperature fluctuations at tropical latitudes have a higher predictability than those at warm and cold temperate latitudes. Further, we show that marine species that are adapted to high predictability have the potential to tune their thermal performance when exposed to oxygen supersaturation, despite being constrained within a narrow safety margin. We advocate that the predictability of the environmental fluctuation needs to be considered when measuring and forecasting the response of marine animals to global warming.

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Net effect of environmental fluctuations in multiple global-change drivers across the tree of life

Cabrerizo

Marañón

2022

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Jensen’s inequality predicts that the response of any given system to average constant conditions is different from its average response to varying ones. Environmental fluctuations in abiotic conditions are pervasive on Earth; yet until recently, most ecological research has addressed the effects of multiple environmental drivers by assuming constant conditions. One could thus expect to find significant deviations in the magnitude of their effects on ecosystems when environmental fluctuations are considered. Drawing on experimental studies published during the last 30 years reporting more than 950 response ratios ( n = 5,700), we present a comprehensive analysis of the role that environmental fluctuations play across the tree of life. In contrast to the predominance of interactive effects of global-change drivers reported in the literature, our results show that their cumulative effects were additive (58%), synergistic (26%), and antagonistic (16%) when environmental fluctuations were present. However, the dominant type of interaction varied by trophic level (autotrophs: interactive; heterotrophs: additive) and phylogenetic group (additive in Animalia; additive and positive antagonism in Chromista; negative antagonism and synergism in Plantae). In addition, we identify the need to tackle how complex communities respond to fluctuating environments, widening the phylogenetic and biogeographic ranges considered, and to consider other drivers beyond warming and acidification as well as longer timescales. Environmental fluctuations must be taken into account in experimental and modeling studies as well as conservation plans to better predict the nature, magnitude, and direction of the impacts of global change on organisms and ecosystems.

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Net effect of environmental fluctuations in multiple global-change drivers across the tree of life

Cited by 4 publications

References 80 publications

Accurate photosynthetic parameter estimation at low stomatal conductance: effects of cuticular conductance and instrumental noise

Accurate photosynthetic parameter estimation at low stomatal conductance: effects of cuticular conductance and instrumental noise

The predictability of fluctuating environments shapes the thermal tolerance of marine ectotherms and compensates narrow safety margins

Net effect of environmental fluctuations in multiple global-change drivers across the tree of life

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